TAILIEUCHUNG - Networking: A Beginner’s Guide Fifth Edition- P71

Networking: A Beginner’s Guide Fifth Edition- P71:I have run into many people over the years who have gained good even impressive working knowledge of PCs, operating systems, applications, and common problems and solutions. Many of these people are wizards with desktop computers. | 332 Networking A Beginner s Guide TIP Before you get into a which interface is better holy war with someone remember that both types of interfaces serve a purpose with each having weaknesses as well as benefits. In the end the person who chooses to master both will come out ahead. This section covers some of the Linux command-line tools that are most crucial for day-to-day work. All of the commands discussed in this section are to be performed in a terminal window. You can open a terminal window by opening the Applications menu and choosing System Tools then Terminal. This window displays a prompt that looks something like root@hostname root where hostname is the name of your machine. Working from the Command Line One of the difficulties in moving to the Linus command-line interface especially if you are used to using Windows command-line tools such as is dealing with a shell that has a great number of shortcuts that might surprise you if you re not careful. This section reviews the most common of these shortcuts. Filename Expansion Under UNIX-based shells such as bash you expand wildcards seen on the command line before passing them as a parameter to the application. This is in sharp contrast to the default mode of operation for DOS-based tools which often need to perform their own wildcard expansion. This also means that you must be careful where you use the wildcard characters. The wildcard characters themselves are identical to those in . The asterisk matches against all filenames and the question mark matches against single characters. If you need to use these characters as part of another parameter you can escape them by placing a backslash in front of them. This character will cause the shell to interpret a wildcard as just another character. Environment Variables as Parameters You can use environment variables as parameters on the command line. This means that issuing the parameter FOO will result in passing the value of the FOO environment .

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