TAILIEUCHUNG - Fruit and seed morphology of the Fumaria L. species (Papaveraceae) of Iran
The macro and micro fruit and seed morphology and surface ornamentations of 21 populations of 6 Fumaria L. species were investigated using stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopy. These data are shown to support data from the general morphology. | F. EBRAHİMZADEH ARAII, M. KESHAVARZI, M. SHEIDAII, P. GHADAM Research Article Turk J Bot 35 (2011) 167-173 © TÜBİTAK doi: Fruit and seed morphology of the Fumaria L. species (Papaveraceae) of Iran Fatemeh EBRAHIMZADEH ARAII1, Maryam KESHAVARZI1,*, Masoud SHEIDAII2, Parinaz GHADAM1 1 Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran - IRAN 2 Shahid Beheshti University, GC, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tehran - IRAN Received: Accepted: Abstract: The macro and micro fruit and seed morphology and surface ornamentations of 21 populations of 6 Fumaria L. species were investigated using stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopy. These data are shown to support data from the general morphology. The results indicate that the fruit and seed characters of the genus Fumaria are valuable for taxonomic applications and are useful for classification. F. officinalis show a different shape in their fruit. The close relationships are observed for F. parviflora and F. vaillantii. F. indica, as a hybrid between F. asepala and F. parviflora, shows intermediate micro-morphological features. Key words: Fumaria, scanning electron microscopy, systematic, seed, fruit. Introduction The genus Fumaria L. (Papaveraceae) comprises 60 species, most of which grow around the Mediterranean region. In total, 8 Fumaria species have been reported from Iran. Wendelbo (1974) reported 7 species from the country and recently Lidén (2000) reported F. officinalis L. as a new species for the flora of Iran. In the Lidén Monograph (Lidén 1986) the genus Fumaria has been divided into 2 sections; most of the species growing in Iran belong to the section microsepala. The identification of Fumaria species is difficult due to the variability present in their vegetative and reproductive features, possibly due to the occurrence of inter-specific hybridisation (Murphy, 2009). Characteristics such as sepal size, upper petal shape, and
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