TAILIEUCHUNG - Science and technology human resource capacity for economic growth: The case of Korea

This paper presents the policies Korea adopted to educate and train scientists/researchers and technicians/skilled workers. The Korean policies for the increase of human resources in science and technology that stimulated an upgrading of skills in industry and adapted to technical advancements are identified. | JSTPM Vol 2, No 3, 2013 75 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HUMAN RESOURCE CAPACITY FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE CASE OF KOREA1 Dr. Myungsoo Park2 Abstract: This paper presents the policies Korea adopted to educate and train scientists/researchers and technicians/skilled workers. The Korean policies for the increase of human resources in science and technology that stimulated an upgrading of skills in industry and adapted to technical advancements are identified. An important factor is that the supply and demand mechanism created a virtuous circle so that the science and technology education and training policies were responsive to economic demands. In addition, policies to foster a human resource capacity have enhanced the contribution of human resources in science and technology for innovation and economic growth. Keywords: Economic development plan; Manpower policy; Human capacity building; Brain drain; Repatriation. 1. Introduction In the beginning of the 1960s, Korea barely managed to maintain its economic activity, after a civil war that was preceded by five decades of colonial exploitation. International assistance and aid was a part of a lifeline that sustained the Korean economy. Korea found that economic development was achieved with the appropriate mix of both natural and human resources as it revived the economy. The economic competitiveness of a nation depends on a science and technology base that is defined by the ability of knowledge creation and creative human resources. It also requires a consistent system of development, diffusion, and application of knowledge that evolves through constant communication between science and industry. Human resources in science and technology should have the highest priority for a substantial and positive contributing factor to economic growth in order to develop a scientific capability that can continuously absorb innovative technology. 1 2 Source: Science Technology and Innovation Policy Review, Vol 1, No 1, 2010 Senior .

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