TAILIEUCHUNG - Ebook Fluid mechanics (edition): Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Fluid mechanics" has contents: Approximate solutions of the navier–stokes equation; flow over bodies - Drag and lift; compressible flow; turbomachinery; open channel flow, property tables and charts. | 11/4/04 7:19 PM Page 471 CHAPTER 10 A P P R O X I M AT E S O L U T I O N S O F T H E N AV I E R – S T O K E S E Q U AT I O N n this chapter we look at several approximations that eliminate term(s), reducing the Navier–Stokes equation to a simplified form that is more easily solvable. Sometimes these approximations are appropriate in a whole flow field, but in most cases, they are appropriate only in certain regions of the flow field. We first consider creeping flow, where the Reynolds number is so low that the viscous terms dominate (and eliminate) the inertial terms. Following that, we look at two approximations that are appropriate in regions of flow away from walls and wakes: inviscid flow and irrotational flow (also called potential flow). In these regions, the opposite holds; ., inertial terms dominate viscous terms. Finally, we discuss the boundary layer approximation, in which both inertial and viscous terms remain, but some of the viscous terms are negligible. This last approximation is appropriate at very high Reynolds numbers (the opposite of creeping flow) and near walls, the opposite of potential flow. I OBJECTIVES When you finish reading this chapter, you should be able to ■ ■ ■ ■ Appreciate why approximations are necessary to solve many fluid flow problems, and know when and where such approximations are appropriate Understand the effects of the lack of inertial terms in the creeping flow approximation, including the disappearance of density from the equations Understand superposition as a method of solving potential flow problems Predict boundary layer thickness and other boundary layer properties 471 11/4/04 7:19 PM Page 472 472 FLUID MECHANICS 10–1 “Exact” solution Full Navier–Stokes equation Analysis Solution Approximate solution Simplified Navier–Stokes equation Analysis Solution FIGURE 10–1 “Exact” solutions begin with the full Navier–Stokes equation, while approximate solutions begin with

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• Fluid mechanics
• The navier–stokes equation
• Flow over bodies
• Compressible flow
• Open channel flow
• Property tables and charts
• Fluid mechanics for engineers
• Ebook Fluid mechanics for engineers
• Tensor analysis
• Applications to fluid mechanics
• Kinematics of fluid motion
• Introduction to fluid mechanics
• Fluid forces
• Fluid statics
• Flow of an inviscid fluid
• Dimensional analysis
• The bernoulli equation
• Fluid properties
• Characteristics of a fluid
• Fundamentals of flow
• Conservation of flow properties
• Flow in pipes
• Fundamentals of fluid mechanics
• Electronic pressure measuring devices
• Elementary fluid dynamics
• Ebook Fluid mechanics
• Properties of Fluids
• Fluid kinematics
• Energy equations
• Computational fluid dynamics
• Geophysical fluid dynamics
• Introduction to biofluid mechanics
• Biofluid mechanics
• Visual resources
• Laminar turbulent transition
• Turbulent flow
• Boundary layer theory
• Elementary fluid dynamics—the bernoulli equation
• finite controlvolume analysis
• Differential analysis of fluid flow
• Finite control volume analysis
• Schaum’s Outline Series of Fluid Mechanics
• Fluids in motion
• Classification of fluid flow
• The integral equation
• Fundamentals of compressible fluid mechanics
• Compressible fluid mechanic
• Basic fluid mechanics
• Speed of sound
• Isentropic flow
• Normal shock
• Discretization of the convection term
• High resolution schemes
• Fluid flow computation
• Compressible flows
• Closing remarks
• Basic concepts
• Momentum analysis of flow systems
• Drag and lift
• Law of similarity
• Measurement of flow velocity
• Flow of a compressible fluid
• Unsteady flow
• Introduction fluid mechanics
• External incompressible viscous flow
• Fluid machinery
• Introduction to compressible flow
• Streamline dynamics
• Differential analysis
• Flow in closed conduits
• Flow in open channels
• Boundary layer flow
• Viscous flow in pipes
• Flow over immersed bodies
• 2500 solved problems in fluid mechanics
• 2500 solved problems in hydraulics
• Fluids statics
• Flood routing
• Flow measurement
• Internal flows
• External flows
• Flow around blunt bodies
• Oblique shock waves
• Kothandaraman fluid mechanics
• Dynamics of fluid flow
• Hydraulic turbines
• Rotodynamic pumps
• Theoretical fluid mechanics
• Mathematical models of fluid motion
• Surface tension
• Incompressible inviscid flow
• Two dimensional potential flow
• Axisymmetric incompressible inviscid fow