TAILIEUCHUNG - Cellular automata for traffic simulation Nagel-Schreckenberg model

In this project, traffic simulation according to the cellular automaton of the Nagel-Schreckenberg model (1992) with different boundary conditions. The sudden occurrence of traffic jams is successfully realised as well as boundary induced phases and phase transitions are observed in the Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process. The extension to the Velocity Dependent Randomization model leads to metastabile high flow states and hysteresis of the flow. The impact of speed limits on the probability of the formation of traffic jams is investigated. | Project report ill Computational Physics Cellular automata for traffic simulation - Nagel-Sclireckenberg model Torsten Held Stefan Bittihn Bonn 17th March 2011 Abstract In this project traffic is simulated according to the cellular automaton of the Nagel-Scheckenberg model 1992 with different boundary conditions. The sudden occurrence of traffic jams is successfully realised as well as boundary induced phases and phase transitions are observed in the Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process. The extension to the Velocity Dependent Randomization model leads to metastabile high flow states and hysteresis of the flow. The impact of speed limits on the probability of the formation of traffic jams is investigated. Furthermore the effects of on- and off-ramps and traffic lights are analysed. Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 The Nagel-Schreckenberg model 2 Boundary conditions. 3 Parameters and transfer to reality . 3 3 The Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process 3 4 Metastability and hysteresis in the Velocity-Dependent-Randomization-model 4 Control by initial Conditions . 4 Control by on- and off-ramp. 7 Lifetime of the metastable phase. 7 5 Further applications 7 The effects of on- and off-ramps. 8 The effects of traffic lights. 8 6 Summary 9 1 Introduction The aim of traffic-simulation-algorithms is to gain an understanding of road- traffic including it s various phenomena . the dependence of the different traffic parameters as flow and density or the formation of traffic jams. With the help of a suitable simulation one can make predections about the development of real traffic situations and furthermore use the results to optimise traffic plannings. The first attempts to simulate traffic date back into the 1950s. A very important step foreward was the Nagel-Schreckenberg model NaSch model which was invented by Kai Nagel and Michael Schreckenberg in 1992. It was the first model to take into account the imperfect bahaviour of human drivers and was thus

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• Cellular automata
• Tracffic simulation
• Nagel Schreckenberg model
• Traffic jams
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