TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: "A Program for the Machine Translation of Natural Languages"

In the following we give an account of a computer program for the translation of natural languages. The program has the following features: (1) it is adaptable to the translation of any two natural languages, not just to some particular pair; (2) it is a self-modifying program—that is, given the information that it has produced an incorrect translation, together with the translation which it should have produced according to the linguistic judgment of an operator, it will modify itself so as to eliminate the cause of the incorrect translation | Mechanical Translation November 1961 A Program for the Machine Translation of Natural Languages by W. Smoke and E. Dubinsky University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan In the following we give an account of a computer program for the translation of natural languages. The program has the following features 1 it is adaptable to the translation of any two natural languages not just to some particular pair 2 it is a self-modifying program that is given the information that it has produced an incorrect translation together with the translation which it should have produced according to the linguistic judgment of an operator it will modify itself so as to eliminate the cause of the incorrect translation. Before the account of the program itself we give a short sketch of the considerations which led to the program together with a statement of the reasons why we feel a program of the type presented will be adequate for machine translation. The naive way to do research in machine translation would be to pick a pair of languages say Russian and English and to try to discover some sort of transformational rules connecting them in terms of which a computer program might be written. The transformation rules might be derived from a comparison of the two languages on the basis of old-fashioned grammar or from the more recent theories developed by structural linguists or by other means. Most of the effort in machine translation research so far has gone into deriving such transformation rules by one method or another and making them more explicit that is to say putting them into a form in which they can be programmed and patching up the holes which are apt to appear in such rules when they are applied to an actual text. Assuming that this kind of effort were successful its result would be a computer program probably haywired together which would given a certain restricted kind of input material produce a more-or-less accurate more-or-less readable translation. One would never

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