TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Computer organization and assembly language - Lecture 06: Machine Instruction Characteristics

The main contents of this chapter include all of the following: I/O basics; input from the keyboard; output to the monitor; a more sophisticated input routine; interrupt-driven I/O; implementation of memory-mapped I/O, revisited. | CSC 221 Computer Organization and Assembly Language Lecture 06: Machine Instruction Characteristics Lecture 05: Review Memory Access: Real Mode memory-addressing techniques. Protected Mode memory-addressing techniques. Memory Access: 64-bit Flat Memory model. Program-invisible registers in the 80286~Core2 microprocessors. Lecture Outline Instruction Set Instruction Format Instruction Cycle State Diagram Operation Types Operands Data Types Little and Big-Endian What is an Instruction Set? The complete collection of instructions that are understood by a CPU Machine Code Binary Usually represented by assembly codes 2 Simple Instruction Format The instruction is divided into fields, corresponding to the basic elements of the instruction. Instruction is read into an Instruction Register (IR) The CPU must be able to extract the data from the various instruction fields to perform the required operation. Opcode Operand(s) and/or Address(es) Elements of an Instruction Operation code (Op code)

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