TAILIEUCHUNG - REPORT ON THE FUNDAMENTAL LEMMA - NGÔ BẢO CHÂU

This is a report on the recent proof of the fundamental lemma. The fundamental lemma and the related transfer conjecture were formulated by R. Langlands in the context of endoscopy theory in [26]. Important arithmetic applications follow from endoscopy theory, including the transfer of automorphic representations from classical groups to linear groups and the construction of Galois representations attached to automorphic forms via Shimura varieties. Independent of applications, endoscopy theory is instrumental in building a stable trace formula that seems necessary to any decisive progress toward Langlands’ conjecture on functoriality of automorphic representations. There are already several expository texts. | REPORT ON THE FUNDAMENTAL LEMMA NGÔ BAO CHAU This is a report on the recent proof of the fundamental lemma. The fundamental lemma and the related transfer conjecture were formulated by R. Langlands in the context of endoscopy theory in 26 . Important arithmetic applications follow from endoscopy theory including the transfer of automorphic representations from classical groups to linear groups and the construction of Galois representations attached to automorphic forms via Shimura varieties. Independent of applications endoscopy theory is instrumental in building a stable trace formula that seems necessary to any decisive progress toward Langlands conjecture on functoriality of automorphic representations. There are already several expository texts on endoscopy theory and in particular on the fundamental lemma. The original text 26 and articles of Kottwitz 19 20 are always the best places to learn the theory. The two introductory articles to endoscopy one by Labesse 24 the other 14 written by Harris for the Book project are highly recommended. So are the reports on the proof of the fundamental lemma in the unitary case written by Dat for Bourbaki 7 and in general written by Dat and Ngo Dac for the Book project 8 . I have also written three expository notes on Hitchin hbration and the fundamental lemma 34 reports on endoscopic structure of the cohomology of the Hitchin hbration 36 is a more gentle introduction to the fundamental lemma and 37 reports on the support theorem a key point in the proof of the fundamental lemma written for the Book project. This abundant materials make the present note quite redundant. For this reason I will only try to improve the exposition of 36 . More materials on endoscopy theory and support theorem will be added as well as some recent progress in the subject. This report is written when its author enjoyed the hospitality of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. He acknowledged the generous support of the Simonyi foundation .

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