TAILIEUCHUNG - Air pollution from traffic and cancer incidence: a Danish cohort study

In the last 10-20 years epidemiology has dealt extensively with the effect of outdoor air pollution on human health. A considerable number of case studies in different countries and under different exposure situations have confirmed that air pollution is one of various risk-factors for morbidity and mortality. In general, air pollution is a mixture of many substances (particulates, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxides). Knowing that several indicators of exposure (eg. NO2, CO, PM10, TSP etc.) are often highly correlated, it is not accurate to establish the health impact by a pollutant-by-pollutant assessment, because this would lead to a grossly overestimation of the health impact. The objective is therefore. | Raaschou-Nielsen et al. Environmental Health 2011 10 67 http content 10 1 67 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH Open Access Air pollution from traffic and cancer incidence a Danish cohort study 1 1 2 2 2 1 Ole Raaschou-Nielsen Zorana J Andersen Martin Hvidberg Steen S Jensen Matthias Ketzel Mette S0rensen Johnni Hansen1 Steffen Loft3 Kim Overvad4 and Anne Tj0nneland1 Abstract Background Vehicle engine exhaust includes ultrafine particles with a large surface area and containing absorbed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons transition metals and other substances. Ultrafine particles and soluble chemicals can be transported from the airways to other organs such as the liver kidneys and brain. Our aim was to investigate whether air pollution from traffic is associated with risk for other cancers than lung cancer. Methods We followed up 54 304 participants in the Danish Diet Cancer and Health cohort for 20 selected cancers in the Danish Cancer Registry from enrolment in 1993-1997 until 2006 and traced their residential addresses from 1971 onwards in the Central Population Registry. We used modeled concentration of nitrogen oxides NOx and amount of traffic at the residence as indicators of traffic-related air pollution and used Cox models to estimate incidence rate ratios IRRs after adjustment for potential confounders. Results NOx at the residence was significantly associated with risks for cervical cancer IRR 95 confidence interval CI per 100 gg m3 NOx and brain cancer IRR 95 CI per 100 gg m3 NOx . Conclusions This hypothesis-generating study indicates that traffic-related air pollution might increase the risks for cervical and brain cancer which should be tested in future studies. Background It has been known for decades that urban air is polluted by mutagenic and carcinogenic substances 1 although at concentrations much lower than those in . cigarette smoke and certain work environments. Nielsen et al. 2 found that the .

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