TAILIEUCHUNG - Serum Biomarkers for Early Detection of Gynecologic Cancers

While there has been an increase in development assistance for health in general, this aid is volatile — often driven by profits and politics. Donor governments are susceptible to the political agendas of their parliaments, plac- ing a focus on short term results. Sustained health development does not fit this profile. Part of the solution lies in the harmonization or pooling of funds, focused around a single country plan, that is flexible and includes funding for both recurrent and capital expenditures. But this alone does not guarantee that the funds will be used for strengthening local health systems or for improving women’s health. Ministries of Health have to. | Cancers 2010 2 1312-1327 doi cancers2021312 OPEN ACCESS cancers ISSN 2072-6694 j ournal cancers Review Serum Biomarkers for Early Detection of Gynecologic Cancers Yutaka Ueda Takayuki Enomoto Toshihiro Kimura Takashi Miyatake Kiyoshi Yoshino Masami Fujita and Tadashi Kimura Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine 2-2 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan E-Mails ZVF03563@ . kimbinbin@ . tmiyatake@ . yosino-ki@ . fujita@ . tadashi@ . Author to whom correspondence should be addressed E-Mail enomoto@ Tel 81-66879-3351 Fax 81-66879-3359. Received 8 March 2010 in revised form 31 May 2010 Accepted 3 June 2010 Published 14 June 2010 Abstract Ovarian endometrial and cervical cancers are three of the most common malignancies of the female reproductive organs. CA 125 historically the most reliable serum marker for ovarian cancer is elevated in 50 of early-stage ovarian tumors. For endometrial cancers there are no established serum markers. SCC which is the best studied serum marker for squamous cell carcinomas has been unreliable SCC is elevated in cervical squamous cell carcinomas ranging from 28-85 of the time. Recent proteomics-based analyses show great promise for the discovery of new and more useful biomarkers. In this review we will discuss the currently utilized serum tumor markers for gynecologic cancers and the novel biomarkers that are now under investigation. Keywords ovarian endometrial cervical cancer serum tumor marker CA 125 SCC proteomics biomarkers Abbreviations ApoA-1 apolipoprotein A-1 CA 15-3 cancer antigen-15-3 CA 19-9 cancer antigen-19-9 CA 72-4 cancer antigen-72-4 CA 125 cancer antigen-125 CEA cancer embryonic antigen CIN cervical intraepithelial neoplasia CYFRA 21-1 cytokeratin 19 fragments HE4 WFDC2 human epididymis-specific 4-disulfide core protein H4 .

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• Septic Reactions
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