TAILIEUCHUNG - Trends in Childhood Cancer Incidence in the U.S. (1992–2004)

Standard treatment of anal cancer is a protocol of combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Typically, a diagnosis of LSIL results only in more frequent monitoring in case it progresses to HSIL. When HSIL is diagnosed, treatment may be called for to reduce the likelihood of progres- sion to cancer. This may include surgical removal of the lesions. Data on the efficacy of treatment are scarce. However, treatment of cervical lesions has been shown to be effective in substantially reducing the risk of progression to cancer | 416 Trends in Childhood Cancer Incidence in the . 1992-2004 Amy M. Linabery MS MPH1 Julie A. Ross PhD1 2 1 Division of Pediatric Epidemiology and Clinical Research Department of Pediatrics University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota. 2 University of Minnesota Cancer Center Minneapolis Minnesota. Supported by National Institutes of Health Grant T32 CA099936 and the Children s Cancer Research Fund. Address for reprints Julie A. Ross PhD Department of Pediatrics University of Minnesota 420 Delaware Street SE MMC 422 Minneapolis MN 55455 Fax 612 626-4842 E-mail rossx014@ Received December 27 2006 revision received August 14 2007 accepted August 16 2007. BACKGROUND. The etiology of most pediatric neoplasms remains elusive. Examination of population-based incidence data provides insight regarding etiology among various demographic groups and may result in new hypotheses. The objective of the current study was to present updated information regarding childhood cancer incidence and trends in the . overall and among demographic subgroups including Asian Pacific Islanders and Hispanics for whom to the authors knowledge trends have not been previously examined. METHODS. Data obtained by 13 registries of the National Cancer Institute s Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results SEER program were evaluated to assess incidence and trends of common primary cancers diagnosed between 1992 and 2004 among children aged birth to 19 years. Frequencies age-adjusted incidence rates and joinpoint regression results including annual percent change APC in incidence rates and 95 confidence intervals 95 CI were calculated. RESULTS. Between 1992 and 2004 a modest nonsignificant increase in the average annual incidence rate APC 95 CI was observed for all pediatric cancer diagnoses combined. There was a suggestion of an increase in leukemia APC 95 CI and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in particular APC 95 CI whereas rates for central nervous

• Y học thường thức
• cancer metastasis
• treatments and personal
• circumstance
• intensify efforts
• measure and regularly
• policy measures
• BMC Cancer
• Epithelial to mesenchymal transition
• Breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1
• Anti proliferating activity
• Colon cancer
• Inguinal lymph node metastasis
• Abdominal wall metastasis
• External iliac lymph nodes
• Brain metastasis
• Drug resistance
• Lung cancer cells
• PC 9 brain seeking line
• Non small cell lung cancer
• CNS metastasis
• Epidermal growth factor receptor
• EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors
• Colorectal cancer
• Lymph node metastasis
• Hepatic metastasis
• Monocarboxylate transporters
• Lung metastasis
• Rectal cancer metastasis
• Long term survival
• Epigenetic factors
• Breast cancer
• Metastasizing potential
• TGFα release
• Lymphatic invasion
• Skip metastasis
• Early gastric cancer
• Predictive model
• Rectal cancer
• Liver metastasis
• Serum apolipoprotein B
• Predicting liver metastasis
• Confidence intervals
• Recurrent metastatic breast cancer
• Cohort study
• Post metastasis mortality
• Tumor characteristics
• Prostate cancer
• Prostate cancer metastasis
• Metastatic anal canal tumour
• Solitary metastasis
• Papillary thyroid carcinoma
• Lateral lymph node metastasis
• Central lymph node metastasis
• Risk factors
• Tumor metastasis
• Vascular endothelial growth factor D
• Lymphogenic metastasis routes
• Map Kinases
• Cell Proliferation
• Integrin Interactions
• Regulators of Metastasis
• iTRAQ proteomic analysis
• Cancer types
• Including breast cancer
• Identify metastasis associated biomarkers
• Small cell lung cancer
• Lung cancer
• Cancer patients
• Isolated metastasis
• Pancreatic metastasis
• Oesophageal cancer
• Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
• Ductal carcinoma in situ
• Distant metastasis
• Metastasis of bone
• Metastasis of sigmoid colon
• Phase 1 clinical trials
• Sites of metastasis
• Clinical outcomes
• Tumor immunology
• Tumor microenvironment
• Immune checkpoint blockade
• 3 O acetyloleanolic acid
• Sentinel lymph node metastasis
• Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
• Gastric cancer
• Mediastinal lymph
• Cervical cancer
• Risk factor
• Type I transmembrane protein
• Hematogenous metastasis
• Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
• Skeletal metastasis
• Skeletal metastasis free survival
• Computed tomography
• Level VI metastasis
• Oral squamous cell carcinoma
• Central neck metastasis
• Neck lymph node metastasis