TAILIEUCHUNG - A History Of Western Philosophy Bertrand Russel

MANY histories of philosophy exist, and it has not been my purpose merely to add one to their number. My purpose is to exhibit philosophy as an integral part of social and political life: not as the isolated speculations of remarkable individuals, but as both an effect and a cause of the character of the various communities in which different systems flourished. This purpose demands more account of general history than is usually given by historians of philosophy. | file C Documents 20and 20Settings SANTOSH Desktop Russell-A 20History 20of 20Western This page intentionally left blank. -i- This page intentionally left blank. -ii- BERTRAND RUSSELL A HISTORY OF WESTERN PHILOSOPHY And Its Connection with Political and Social Circumstances from the Earliest Times to the Present Day SIMON AND SCHUSTER NEW YORK -iii- ALL RIGHTS RESERVED INCLUDING THE RIGHT OF REPRODUCTION IN WHOLE OR IN PART IN ANY FORM COPYRIGHT 1945 BY BERTRAND RUSSELL PUBLISHED BY SIMON AND SCHUSTER INC. ROCKEFELLER CENTER 1230 SIXTH AVENUE NEW YORK 20 N. Y. Fourth Printing MANUFACTURED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY AMERICAN BOOK-STRATFORD PRESS INC. N. Y. -iv- file C Documents 20and 20Settings SANTQSH 20History 20of 20Western 1 of 904 9 10 2006 2 27 01 AM file C Documents 20and 20Settings SANTOSH Desktop Russell-A 20History 20of 20Western Table of Contents Preface by Author ix Introduction xiii BOOK ONE. ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY Part I. The Pre-Socratics 3 Chapter I. The Rise of Greek Civilization 3 Chapter II. The Milesian School 24 Chapter III. Pythagoras 29 Chapter IV. Heraclitus 38 Chapter V. Parmenides 48 Chapter VI. Empedocles 53 Chapter VII. Athens in Relation to Culture 58 Chapter VIII. Anaxagoras 61 Chapter IX. The Atomists 64 Chapter X. Protagoras 73 Part II. Socrates Plato and Aristotle 82 Chapter XI. Socrates 82 Chapter XII. The Influence of Sparta 94 Chapter XIII. The Sources of Plato s Opinions 104 Chapter XIV. Plato s Utopia 108 Chapter XV. The Theory of Ideas 119 Chapter XVI. Plato s Theory of Immortality 132 Chapter XVII. Plato s Cosmogony 143 Chapter XVIII. Knowledge and Perception in Plato 149 Chapter XIX. Aristotle s Metaphysics 159 Chapter XX. Aristotle s Ethics 172 Chapter XXI. Aristotle s Politics 184 Chapter XXII. Aristotle s Logic 195 -v- file C Documents 20and 20Settings SANTOSH 20History 20of 20Western 2 of 904 9 10 2006 2 27 02 AM file C .

• Vật lý
• The Rise of Greek
• Civilization
• Athens in Relation to Culture
• Socrates
• Aristotles Ethics
• The Influence of Sparta