TAILIEUCHUNG - Chemoprevention of Cancer

Repeat cycles of treatment with docetaxel are not recommended if the disease recurs after completion of the planned course of chemotherapy15 . A corticosteroid such as dexamethasone ( mg daily) daily is recommended as third-line hor- monal therapy after androgen withdrawal and anti-androgen therapy for men with hormone- refractory prostate cancer. Men with hormone-refractory prostate cancer shown to have extensive metastases in the spine (for example, on a bone scan) should have spinal MRI if they develop any spinal related symptoms. The routine use of spinal MRI for all men with hormone-refractory prostate cancer and. | I Chemoprevention of Cancer Dr. Tsao is Medical Oncology Fellow Division of Cancer Medicine University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX. Dr. Kim is Assistant Professor Director of Educational Programs Department of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX. Dr. Hong is Head Division of Cancer Medicine Professor Chair Department of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX. The article is available online at http Chemoprevention of Cancer Anne S. Tsao MD Edward S. Kim MD Waun Ki Hong MD ABSTRACT Cancer chemoprevention is defined as the use of natural synthetic or biologic chemical agents to reverse suppress or prevent carcinogenic progression to invasive cancer. The success of several recent clinical trials in preventing cancer in high-risk populations suggests that chemoprevention is a rational and appealing strategy. This review will highlight current clinical research in chemoprevention the biologic effects of chemopreventive agents on epithelial carcinogenesis and the usefulness of intermediate biomarkers as markers of premalignancy. Selected chemoprevention trials are discussed with a focus on strategies of trial design and clinical outcome. Future directions in the field of chemoprevention will be proposed that are based on recently acquired mechanistic insight into carcinogenesis. CA Cancer J Clin 2004 54 150-180. American Cancer Society 2004. INTRODUCTION Epithelial carcinogenesis is a multistep process in which an accumulation of genetic events within a single cell line leads to a progressively dysplastic cellular appearance deregulated cell growth and finally carcinoma. Cancer chemoprevention as first defined by Sporn in 1976 uses natural synthetic or biologic chemical agents to reverse suppress or prevent carcinogenic It is based on the concepts of multifocal field carcinogenesis and multistep .

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