TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: Sex determination and the control of Sox9 expression in mammals

A plethora of corroborative genetic studies led to the view that, across the animal kingdom, the gene-regulatory cascades triggering sexual develop-ment bear little resemblance to each other. As a result, the common emerg-ing picture is that the genes at the top of the cascade are not conserved | ịFEBS Journal MINIREVIEW Sex determination and the control of Sox9 expression in mammals Susanne Jakob and Robin Lovell-Badge Division of Stem CellBiology and DevelopmentalGenetics MRC National institute for MedicalResearch London UK Keywords beta-catenin Fgf9 Foxl2 gene regulatory network gonad sex reversal sex determination Sf1 Sry TESCO transdifferentiation Correspondence S. Jakob Division of Stem CellBiology and DevelopmentalGenetics MRC National Institute for MedicalResearch The Ridgeway Mill Hill London NW7 1AA UK Fax 44-20-8816-2009 Tel 44-20-8816-2126 E-mail sjakob@ or rlovell@ In mouse sex determination the presence or absence of Sertoli cells in the developing gonad is essential for the decision to form either a testis or an ovary. The transcription factor SOX9 has emerged as the master regulator of Sertoli cell differentiation during testis development and thus the crucial gene to determine sex. It is the target of two sets of regulatory controls one positive and one negative where one set tries to gain dominance over the other in the early gonad and then to establish and maintain the activity or silence of Sox9 throughout life. The data reveal the importance of the positive regulatory loops to reinforce initial decisions whereas the maintenance of the gonadal phenotype appears to rely on the active repression of the opposite pathway. Received 13 August 2010 revised 15 November 2010 accepted 25 January 2011 doi SOX9 and Sertoli cell differentiation During testis development Sertoli cells differentiate from supporting cell precursors which originate from the coelomic epithelium. The Sertoli cells then enclose the germ cells and contribute to the testis cords which eventually give rise to the seminiferous tubules characteristic of the testis Fig. 1 . By contrast the supporting cell precursors in XX gonads differentiate into granulosa follicle cells. However most of the morphological .

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