TAILIEUCHUNG - Volume 1 Mechanical Science Handbooks DOE-HDBK Part 5

Tham khảo tài liệu 'volume 1 mechanical science handbooks doe-hdbk part 5', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Diesel Engine Fundamentals DOE-HDBK-1018 1-93 DIESEL ENGINES Operational Terminology Before a detailed operation of a diesel engine can be explained several terms must be defined. Bore and Stroke Bore and stroke are terms used to define the size of an engine. As previously stated bore refers to the diameter of the engine s cylinder and stroke refers to the distance the piston travels from the top of the cylinder to the bottom. The highest point of travel by the piston is called top dead center TDC and the lowest point of travel is called bottom dead center BDC . There are 180o of travel between TDC and BDC or one stroke. Engine Displacement Engine displacement is one of the terms used to compare one engine to another. Displacement refers to the total volume displaced by all the pistons during one stroke. The displacement is usually given in cubic inches or liters. To calculate the displacement of an engine the volume of one cylinder must be determined volume of a cylinder nr li where h the stroke . The volume of one cylinder is multiplied by the number of cylinders to obtain the total engine displacement. Degree of Crankshaft Rotation All events that occur in an engine are related to the location of the piston. Because the piston is connected to the crankshaft any location of the piston corresponds directly to a specific number of degrees of crankshaft rotation. Location of the crank can then be stated as XX degrees before or XX degrees after top or bottom dead center. Firing Order Firing order refers to the order in which each of the cylinders in a multicylinder engine fires power stroke . For example a four cylinder engine s firing order could be 1-4-3-2. This means that the number 1 cylinder fires then the number 4 cylinder fires then the number 3 cylinder fires and so on. Engines are designed so that the power strokes are as uniform as possible that is as the crankshaft rotates a certain number of degrees one of the cylinders will go through a power stroke. .

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