TAILIEUCHUNG - HandBooks Professional Java-C-Scrip-SQL part 17

Tham khảo tài liệu 'handbooks professional java-c-scrip-sql part 17', công nghệ thông tin, kỹ thuật lập trình phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | . Language Features It s strange to be more than halfway through the characteristics of the next great programming language without even talking about the major features of that language. When you look at the history of programming languages it makes more sense. The features of a language are important characteristics for success but only rarely are they the most important characteristics. Said another way market share and mindshare matter more than how you interpret whitespace. . Dynamic Typing Java purists defend strong static typing with the fervor of English soccer fans. To be sure static typing does have its advantages Static typing enforces typing rules at compile time when they are least expensive to fix. Static interfaces make it easier to enforce a protocol across important boundaries. For example systems designers may want to force certain types for C interfaces or certain remote procedure calls. Static typing catches some types of subtle errors at compile time like the misspelling of a variable name. Still as you learned in Chapter 4 there s a related cost usually in productivity . Java developers often make the comment that you can pay now or pay later. That s strange because Smalltalk and Ruby programmers rarely make lasting errors related to incorrect typing. Further disciplined automated unit tests easily catch most type mismatch problems. You ve got to unit test your code whether you want to or not because no compiler can completely guess your intent. Most Java developers who tout the benefits of strong static typing fail also to count the cost. When you re learning or playing with a language the cost is excessive because you have to declare everything including a wrapping class and learn a whole new level of detail. Here s a Hello World example in Ruby puts Hello world. And here s the Java counterpart class HelloWorld public static void main String args Hello World A Java program requires a rigidly typed class with a Main

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