TAILIEUCHUNG - English grammar drills part 3

Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill's prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these. | 6 Noun Phrases k back-backs leak-leaks trick-tricks bike-bikes lake-lakes f cliff-cliffs cough-coughs laugh-laughs cuff-cuffs sniff-sniffs 0 path-paths lath-laths monolith-monoliths bath-baths 2. If the noun ends in a voiced consonant sound except a sibilant or any vowel all vowels in English are voiced then the plural is formed with the voiced sibilant z which is also spelled -s. Here are examples of all the consonant sounds that this rule applies to b lab-labs web-webs blob-blobs globe-globes tube-tubes d bed-beds fluid-fluids flood-floods code-codes shade-shades g bug-bugs rag-rags flag-flags pig-pigs hog-hogs v wave-waves hive-hives love-loves live-lives cove-coves l girl-girls pill-pills wheel-wheels role-roles rule-rules m ham-hams farm-farms room-rooms flame-flames home-homes n hen-hens teen-teens moon-moons loan-loans tune-tunes throne-thrones p ring-rings thing-things throng-throngs rung-rungs song-songs Since all vowels are voiced in English this rule also governs the plural of all words ending in a vowel sound. For example sea-seas zoo-zoos cow-cows bee-bees show-shows tree-trees Words ending in the letter y are little more complicated. When the singular form of a word ends in a consonant the letter y that is when the letter y represents a vowel sound we form the regular plural by changing the y to i and adding -es. There is a schoolroom saying that goes like this Change the y to i and add -es. The plural -s is pronounced z in the expected way. The change of y to ie does not affect pronunciation it is a graphic change only. Here are some examples all with a z pronunciation Singular Plural baby babies family families lady ladies sky skies story stories When the letter y is combined with a vowel a different spelling rule applies. To see the difference compare the spellings of the plurals of the words fly and toy Nouns 7 Singular fly toy Plural flies toys In the word fly the y by itself represents a vowel sound. That is why the spelling rule that changes .

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