TAILIEUCHUNG - A discussion proposal on people's adaptability to floods in the Mekong river delta

A discussion proposal on people's adaptability to floods in the Mekong river delta | A DISCUSSION PROPOSAL ON PEOPLE’S ADAPTABILITY TO FLOODS IN THE MEKONG RIVER DELTA Le Anh Tuan 1 1 Department of Environment and Water Resources Engineering College of Technology, CanTho University, CanTho City, Vietnam E-mail: latuan@ --- oOo --- I. INTRODUCTION The Mekong river is ranked as the tenth one in the list of the largest rivers in the world and is longest river in southeastern Asia. From its source in Tibet, the river flows to the South China Sea through Yunnan, China, forms the border partly between Burma and Laos and most of the border between Laos and Thailand, then the main stream goes into Cambodia and finally it flows across southern Vietnam to the sea (figure 1). The river has 4,200 km long and carries more than 450,000 million m3 of runoff water yearly to sea. About 80 percent of annual flow volume enters the low lying parts of the basin in Vietnam as the flood season from June to November. The river network of the Mekong is rather complicated, especially from Cambodia to Vietnam. At Phnom Penh, the river meets the Tongle Sap river, then splits into Tien river and Hau river before entering the border of Vietnam and continues to branch into 9 tributaries as the river estuaries. The Mekong River Delta (MD) in Vietnam is considered as a biggest agriculture and aquaculture production region of the nation. The total natural area of the MD amounts to million ha, of which million ha of land currently is used for agriculture. The Delta’s total population is estimated at nearly 18 million of Vietnam inhabitants, they made active contributions more than 50 percent of staple food and 60 percent of fish-shrimp production of Vietnam. Historically, the population has settled densely along the rivers’ and canals’ levees. Almost all the people’s activities and infrastructure are depended highly on the water and land resources. The MD Fig. 1: The Mekong basin farmers are very adaptive to the changes of water regimes for building up many .

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