TAILIEUCHUNG - CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 2003 (PART 20)

The administration of general anaesthetics and neuromuscular blocking drugs is generally confined to trained specialists. Nevertheless, nonspecialists are involved in perioperative care and will benefit from an understanding of how these drugs act. Doctors from a variety of specialties use local anaesthetics and the pharmacology of these drugs is discussed in detail. General anaesthesia Pharmacology of anaesthetics Inhalation anaesthetics Intravenous anaesthetics Muscle relaxants: neuromuscular blocking drugs Local anaesthetics Obstetric analgesia and anaesthesia Anaesthesia in patients already taking drugs Anaesthesia in the diseased, the elderly and children; sedation in intensive therapy units could operate for the first time with careful deliberation | 18 SECTION 4 Anaesthesia and neuromuscular block SYNOPSIS The administration of general anaesthetics and neuromuscular blocking drugs is generally confined to trained specialists. Nevertheless nonspecialists are involved in perioperative care and will benefit from an understanding of how these drugs act. Doctors from a variety of specialties use local anaesthetics and the pharmacology of these drugs is discussed in detail. General anaesthesia Pharmacology of anaesthetics Inhalation anaesthetics Intravenous anaesthetics Muscle relaxants neuromuscular blocking drugs Local anaesthetics Obstetric analgesia and anaesthesia Anaesthesia in patients already taking drugs Anaesthesia in the diseased the elderly and children sedation in intensive therapy units could operate for the first time with careful deliberation. The problem of inducing quick safe and easily reversible unconsciousness for any desired length of time in man only began to be solved in the 1840s when the long-known substances nitrous oxide ether and chloroform were introduced in rapid succession. The details surrounding the first use of surgical anaesthesia were submerged in bitter disputes on priority following an attempt to take out a patent for ether. The key events around this time were 1842 W. E. Clarke of Rochester New York administered for a dental extraction. However this event was not made widely known at the time. 1844 Horace Wells a dentist in Hartford Connecticut introduced nitrous oxide to produce anaesthesia during dental extraction. 1846 On October 16 William Morton a Boston dentist successfully demonstrated the anaesthetic properties of ether. 1846 On December 21 Robert Liston performed the first surgical operation in England under ether General anaesthesia Until the mid-19th century such surgery as was possible had to be undertaken at tremendous speed. Surgeons did their best for terrified patients by using alcohol opium hyoscine 1 or cannabis. With the introduction of general

• Y học thường thức
• Anaesthesia
• neuromuscular block
• clinical pharmacology
• sách học ngành dược
• dược lý lâm sàng
• tài liệu học dược sĩ
• bảo quản thuốc
• Local Anaesthesia
• Local Anaesthesia in Dentistry
• Local anaesthesia in the lower jaw
• Additional anaesthetic techniques
• Local anaesthesia for children
• Local complications
• BMC Anesthesiology
• Thoracic anaesthesia
• One lung ventilation
• Bronchial blocker
• Regional anaesthesia
• Thoracic surgery
• Stimulation and ultrasound
• Suprascapular nerve block
• Infraclavicular brachial plexus block
• Axillary brachial plexus block
• Paravertebral block
• Rectus sheath block
• Handbook of clinical anaesthesia
• Clinical anaesthesia
• Respiratory system
• Cardiovascular system
• Central nervous system
• Gastrointestinal tract
• Genitourinary tract
• Vascular surgery
• Cardiac surgery
• Ophthalmic surgery
• Plastic surgery
• Transplant anaesthesia
• Heart–lung transplantation
• Lung transplantation
• Geriatric transplant anaesthesia
• Haemodynamic monitoring
• Oaemodynamic monitoring
• Examination anaesthesia
• Anaesthetic training
• The written examination
• The final examination
• The medical vivas
• The anaesthesia vivas
• Equipment anaesthesia
• Critical care
• Radiological equipment
• Surgical equipment relevant
• Impulse conduction
• Anatomy of the trigeminal nerve
• Pharmacology of local anaesthetics
• General practical aspects
• Day care anaesthesia
• Nausea/vomiting
• Day care surgery
• Prospective single centre
• Medium surgeries
• Paramyotonia congenita
• Case report
• Anaesthesia challenges
• Terminal filum lipoma presenting
• Epidural anaesthesia
• Total knee arthroplasty
• General anaesthesia
• Length of stay
• Anaesthetic agents
• Cognitive status
• Patients judged fit
• Post anaesthesia care unit
• Randomized comparison
• Patient controlled analgesia
• Immune function
• Cluster of differentiation
• Patient care
• Patient satisfaction
• Regional plexus anaesthesia
• Established indicator
• Haemodynamic stability
• Renal function
• Xenon anaesthesia
• Renal dysfunction
• Partial nephrectomy
• Uroscopic surgeries
• Spinal anaesthesia
• Cold intraluminal irrigation fluids
• Intrathecal dexmedetomidine
• Post spinal anaesthesia shivering
• Total intravenous anaesthesia
• Inhalational anaesthesia
• Postoperative nausea and vomiting
• Postoperative pain
• Target controlled infusion
• Patient reported outcomes
• Hip fracture
• Neuraxial anaesthesia
• In hospital mortality
• Length of hospital stay
• Blood viscosity
• Meuroaxial anaesthesia
• Anaesthetic parameters
• Anaesthesia technique
• Hip surgery
• High risk patient
• Continuous spinal anaesthesia
• Combined psoas compartment sciatic nerve block
• Neuro anaesthesia
• Airway management
• General anaesthesia occur
• Alternative endotracheal intubation tools
• Regional anesthesia
• Spinal anesthesia
• Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
• General considerations
• Head and neck
• The physiology of acute pain
• Basic physics of ultrasound
• Maxillofacial blocks
• Upper extremity blocks
• Lower extremity blocks
• Truncal blocks
• Neuraxial block techniques
• Peripheral catheter techniques
• Ultrasound guidance in regional anaesthesia
• Principles and practical implementation