TAILIEUCHUNG - Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 45)

Hair dyes by Kazuhiro Koyama and Takaaki Kikuno Introduction Nowadays, numerous kinds of hair dyes are being commercially available. Hair dyes are classified into “reactive hair dyes” with high toxicity and into “adhering hair dyes” with lower toxicity. The reactive hair dyes form a polymerized dye by oxidative reactions inside hair, while the adhering hair dyes only adhere to the outer surface of hair without chemical reaction. In view of poisoning, the reactive hair dyes are objects of interest and of analysis. A reactive hair dye consists of main components for polymerization ( Figure ), a coupler for adjusting the color. | Hair dyes by Kazuhiro Koyama and Takaaki Kikuno Introduction Nowadays numerous kinds of hair dyes are being commercially available. Hair dyes are classified into reactive hair dyes with high toxicity and into adhering hair dyes with lower toxicity. The reactive hair dyes form a polymerized dye by oxidative reactions inside hair while the adhering hair dyes only adhere to the outer surface of hair without chemical reaction. In view of poisoning the reactive hair dyes are objects of interest and of analysis. A reactive hair dye consists of main components for polymerization Figure a coupler for adjusting the color development Figure and an oxidizer several hydrogen peroxide and others . Usually the hair dye components and the coupler are contained in the first bottle and the oxidizer and other compound s contained in the second bottle. The both fluids in the bottles are mixed just before use 1 2 . Many chemicals Figures and are being used for hair dyes. Among them p-phenylenediamine shows the highest toxicity and fatal poisoning cases due to this compound were reported. For other compounds being used for hair dyes their toxicities for humans are not well known. p-Phenylenediamine is rapidly absorbed into blood through mucous membranes of the digestive tract after its oral intake and metabolized into quinonediimine which acts as a cyto-toxin. It is acetylated into N-acetyl-p-phenylenediamine for detoxification to be excreted into urine 2 . As its poisoning symptoms after oral intake vomiting epigastralgia edemas of the face neck and pharynx dyspnea acute renal failure rhabdomyolysis hemolysis methemoglobinemia hepatic disorders and others can occur 1 2 . In 20 fatal p-phenylenediamine poisoning cases convulsion facial edema and cyanosis were characteristic and edemas of the epiglottis and vocal folds were observed in all cases 3 . In this chapter a method for GC MS analysis of hair dye components is described. Reagents and their preparation

• Y học thường thức
• Drugs and Poisons in Humans
• Handbook of Practical Analysis
• tác hại của ma tuý
• chất độc hại cho con người
• phòng chống nghiện ma tuý
• computer system for diagnosis
• causative drugs
• poisons developed
• Alternative specimens
• Pretreatments of human specimens
• Detection methods
• Practical use
• the poison net developed
• Problems in toxin analysis
• emergency medicine
• Analysis of chemical warfare agents
• related compounds
• Carbon monoxide
• Hydrogen sulfide
• metabolite
• Cyanide
• Methanol and formic acid
• Ethanol
• Chloroform and dichloromethane
• Toluene
• benzene
• xylene
• styrene
• Alkyl nitrites
• Components of gasoline
• Amphetamines
• metabolites
• Cannabinoids
• Morphine and its analogues
• Cocaine and its metabolites
• Pentazocine
• Lysergic acid diethylamide
• Methylenedioxyamphetamines