TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture AP Biology - Chapter 18: Regulation of gene expression

Chapter 18 - Genetics of viruses and bacteria. After you have mastered the material in this chapter, you will be able to: What is the Central Dogma? How does prokaryotic DNA compare to eukaryotic DNA? How is DNA organized in eukaryotic cells? | What is the Central Dogma? How does prokaryotic DNA compare to eukaryotic DNA? How is DNA organized in eukaryotic cells? Draw and label the 3 parts of an operon. Contrast inducible vs. repressible operons. How does DNA methylation and histone acetylation affect gene expression? Compare DNA methylation and histone acetylation. What is the role of activators vs. repressors? Where do they bind to? List the components found in a eukaryotic transcription initiation complex. What is the function of miRNAs and siRNAs? List and describe the 3 processes that are involved in transforming a zygote. Compare oncogenes, proto-oncogenes, and tumor suppresor genes. What are the roles of the ras gene and the p53 gene? Chapter 18 Genes can be activated by inducer molecules, or they can be inhibited by the presence of a repressor as they interact with regulatory proteins or sequences. A regulatory gene is a sequence of DNA that codes for a regulatory protein such as a repressor protein. How the components of an operon function to regulate gene expression in both repressible and inducible operons. How positive and negative control function in gene expression. The impact of DNA methylation and histone acetylation on gene expression. How timing and coordination of specific events are regulated in normal development, including pattern formation and induction. The role of miRNAs in control of cellular functions. The role of gene regulation in embryonic development and cancer. Transcription Operon: cluster of related genes with on/off switch Three Parts: Promoter – where RNA polymerase attaches Operator – “on/off”, controls access of RNA poly Genes – code for related enzymes in a pathway Regulatory gene: produces repressor protein that binds to operator to block RNA polymerase Normally ON Anabolic (build organic molecules) Organic molecule product acts as corepressor binds to repressor to activate it Operon is turned OFF Eg. trp operon trp operon Normally OFF Catabolic (break down food .

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• Lecture AP Biology
• Systems biology
• Biological sciences
• Biological organization
• Genetics of viruses
• Metabolic pathways
• Conservation biology
• Global change
• Levels of biological organization
• Elements of life
• Atomic structure
• Hydrogen bonding
• Water’s properties
• Importance of carbon
• Diversity of carbon
• Nucleic acids
• Large biological molecules
• Cell theory
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• Anabolic pathways
• Law of thermodynamics
• Cellular respiration
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• Light reactions
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• Sexual life cycles
• Inheritance of genes
• Mendelian genetics
• Mendel’s experimental
• Chromosomal basis of inheritance
• Human development
• Molecular basis
• Structure of DNA
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• Gene expression
• Viral reproduction
• Lysogenic reproductive cycles
• Recombinant DNA technology
• Restriction enzymes
• Genome sequencing
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• Darwinian view of life
• Evolutionary theory
• Evidence for evolution
• Convergent evolution
• Evolution of populations
• Natural selection