TAILIEUCHUNG - Ebook Elsevier’s integrated review biochemistry (second edition): Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Elsevier’s integrated review biochemistry" presents the following contents: Fatty acid and triglyceride metabolism, metabolism of steroids and other lipids, amino acid and heme metabolism; integration of carbohydrate, fat, and amino acid metabolism; purine, pyrimidine, and single carbon metabolism,.Invite you to consult. | Fatty Acid and 10 Triglyceride Metabolism CONTENTS FATTY ACID METABOLISM Pathway Reaction Steps in Fatty Acid Synthesis Acetyl-Coenzyme A to Palmitate Regulated Reactions in Fatty Acid Synthesis Acetyl-Coenzyme A Carboxylase Unique Characteristics of Fatty Acid Synthesis Interface with Other Pathways FATTY ACID MOBILIZATION AND OXIDATION Pathway Reaction Steps in Fatty Acid Oxidation Palmitate to Acetyl-Coenzyme A and Ketone Bodies Regulated Reactions in Fatty Acid Oxidation Hormone-Sensitive Lipase Unique Characteristics of Fatty Acid Oxidation Interface with Other Pathways RELATED DISEASES OF FATTY ACID METABOLISM Medium-Chain Acyl-Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency Jamaican Vomiting Sickness Zellweger Syndrome Carnitine Deficiency Refsum Disease FATTY ACID METABOLISM Fatty acid chains are polymerized in the cytoplasm and oxidized in the mitochondrial matrix. This prevents competing side reactions between pathway intermediates and allows separate regulation of both pathways. However since the precursor for fat synthesis acetyl-coenzyme A CoA arises in the matrix it must first be transported to the cytoplasm for incorporation into a fatty acid. Likewise free fatty acids FFAs mobilized for oxidation must be transported into the mitochondrion to undergo oxidation. Each of the fatty acid metabolic pathways must therefore be preceded by a transport process. Note The synthetic and oxidative pathways are treated separately to facilitate comparisons. HISTOLOGY Red Blood Cell Metabolism Red blood cells have no mitochondria and therefore cannot use FFAs for energy. They are totally reliant on anaerobic glycolysis for their energy source. Pathway Reaction Steps in Fatty Acid Synthesis Acetyl-Coenzyme A to Palmitate Acetyl-Coenzyme A Shuttle Four reactions shuttle acetyl-CoA from mitochondrial matrix to cytoplasm Fig. 10-1 . Citrate synthase Acetyl-CoA . from glucose following a meal is condensed with oxaloacetate to form citrate. Citrate is then transported through the

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• Elsevier’s integrated review biochemistry
• Triglyceride metabolism
• Fatty acid
• Metabolism of steroids
• Other lipids
• Amino acid metabolism
• Single carbon metabolism
• Elseviers integrated review biochemistry
• Amino acid and heme metabolism
• Protein synthesis and degradation
• Tissue biochemistry
• Acid Base concept
• Properties of biologic molecules
• Protein structure
• Enzymes and energetics
• Intracellular signal transduction
• Pyruvate oxidation