TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Network + Guide to Networks (5th edition) - Chapter 3: Topologies and Ethernet standards

This chapter introduce topologies and Ethernet standards. chapter objectives: Describe the basic and hybrid LAN physical topologies, and their uses, advantages, and disadvantages; describe the backbone structures that form the foundation for most LANs; understand the transmission methods underlying Ethernet networks; compare the different types of switching used in data transmission. | Topologies 9 7 2011 Objectives Describe the basic and hybrid LAN physical topologies and their uses advantages and disadvantages Describe the backbone structures that form the foundation for most LANs Understand the transmission methods underlying Ethernet networks Compare the different types of switching used in data transmission Simple Physical Topologies Physical topology - Physical network nodes layout - Depicts broad scope - Does not specify Device types Connectivity methods Addressing schemes - Fundamental shapes Bus ring star Hybrid 1 Bus Bus topology - Bus Single cable Connecting all network nodes No intervening connectivity devices - One shared communication channel - Physical medium Coaxial cable - Passive topology Node listens for accepts data Use broadcast to send 9 7 2011 Bus cont d. Bus topology cont d. - Broadcast domain Node communicates using broadcast transmission - Terminators 50-ohm resistors Stops signal at end of wire - Signal bounce Signals echo between two network ends - One end grounded Removes static electricity Bus cont d. Advantages - Relatively inexpensive Disadvantage - Does not scale well All nodes share a fixed amount of total bandwidth - Difficult to troubleshoot - Not very fault tolerant 2 Ring Ring topology - Node connects to nearest two nodes - Circular network - Clockwise data transmission One direction unidirectional around ring - Active topology Workstation participates in data delivery Data stops at destination - Physical medium Twisted pair or fiber-optic cabling Star star topology - Node connects through central device Hub router or switch - Physical medium Twisted pair or fiber-optic cabling - Single cable connects two devices - Require more cabling configuration Advantage - Fault tolerance Centralized connection point can be a single point of failure however - Scalable 9 7 2011 Figure 5-2 Atypical ring topology network Drawback - Malfunctioning workstation can disable network - Not flexible or scalable Figure 5-3 Atypical

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