TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Molecular biology: Chapter 19 - Robert F. Weaver

In chapter 3 we examined a few aspects of translation. We learned that ribosomes are the cell’s protein factories and that transfer RNA plays a crucial adapter role, binding an amino acid at one end and an mRNA codon at the other. Chapters 17 and 18 expanded on the mechanisms of translation initiation, elongation, and termination, without dealing in depth with ribosomes and tRNA. In this chapter, let us continue discussion of translation with a closer look at these two essential agents. | Molecular Biology Fourth Edition Chapter 19 Ribosomes and Transfer RNA Lecture PowerPoint to accompany Robert F. Weaver Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Ribosomes E. coli ribosome is a two-part structure with a sedimentation coefficient of 70S Two subunits of this structure: 30S is the small subunit that decodes mRNA 50S subunit links amino acids together through peptide bonds 19- Fine Structure of 70S Ribosome T. thermophilus crystal structure of 70S ribosome in complex with mRNA analog and 3 tRNAs shows: Positions and tertiary structures of all 3 rRNA and most proteins can be determined Shapes and locations of tRNAs in A, P, and E sites are evident Binding sites for tRNAs in ribosome are composed of rRNA, not protein Anticodons of tRNAs in A and P sites approach each other closely enough to base-pair with adjacent codons bound to 30S subunit as mRNA kinks 45° 19- More Structural Detail Acceptor stems of tRNAs .

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