TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Molecular biology: Chapter 13 - Robert F. Weaver

In Chapter 13, we will look at the crucial relationship among activators, chromatin structure, and gene activity. This chapter presents the following content: Histones, nucleosomes, chromatin structure and gene activity. | Molecular Biology Fourth Edition Chapter 13 Chromatin Structure and Its Effects on Transcription Lecture PowerPoint to accompany Robert F. Weaver Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Histones Eukaryotic cells contain 5 kinds of histones H1 H2A H2B H3 H4 Each histone type isn’t homogenous Gene reiteration Posttranslational modification Source: Panyim and Chalkley, Arch. Biochem. & Biophys. 130, 1969, f. 6A, . 13- Properties of Histones Abundant proteins whose mass in nuclei nearly equals that of DNA Pronounced positive charge at neutral pH Most are well-conserved from one species to another Not single copy genes, repeated many times Some copies are identical Others are quite different H4 has only had 2 variants ever reported 13- Nucleosomes Chromosomes are long, thin molecules that will tangle if not carefully folded Folding occurs in several ways First order of folding is the nucleosome X-ray diffraction .

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