TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: "TWO KINDS OF METONYMY"

We propose a distinction between two kinds of metonymy: "referential" metonymy, in which the referent of an NP is shifted, and "predicative" metonymy, in which the referent of the NP is unchanged and the argument place of the predicate is shifted instead. Examples are, respectively, "The hamburger is waiting for his check" and "Which airlines fly from Boston to Denver". We also show that complications arise for both types of metonymy when multiple coercing predicates are considered. Finally, we present implemented algorithms handling these complexities that generate both types of metonymic reading, as well as criteria for choosing. | TWO KINDS OF METONYMY David Stallard BBN Systems and Technologies 70 Fawcett Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA Internet stallard@ ABSTRACT We propose a distinction between two kinds of metonymy referential metonymy in which the referent of an NP is shifted and predicative metonymy in which the referent of the NP is unchanged and the argument place of the predicate is shifted instead. Examples are respectively The hamburger is waiting for his check and Which airlines fly from Boston to Denver . We also show that complications arise for both types of metonymy when multiple coercing predicates are considered. Finally we present implemented algorithms handling these complexities that generate both types of metonymic reading as well as criteria for choosing one type of metonymic reading over another. 1 INTRODUCTION The phenomenon of semantic coercion or metonymy is quite a common one in natural language. In metonymy the actual argument of a predicate is not the literal argument but is instead implicit and related to the literal argument through an implicit binary relation. For example in the following utterances taken from Lakoff and Johnson 1980 1 The ham sandwich is waiting for his check 2 Nixon bombed Hanoi it is not literally the ham sandwich which is doing the waiting but rather the person who ordered it and not literally Nixon who is doing the bombing but rather the pilots under his command. The noun phrase - The ham sandwich Nixon - is said to be coerced through an implicit binary relation to a related object which is the actual argument of the predicate. Perhaps the most familar definition of metonymy from the literature is that it is a figure of speech in which the speaker is using one entity to refer to another that is related to it Lakoff and Johnson 1980 . This definition is quite commonly held in one form or another. For example see Fass 1991 where it is directly quoted also similar definitions in Puste-jovsky 1991 Hobbs 1988 . But what does it really .

• Báo cáo khoa học
• TWO KINDS OF METONYMY
• David Stallard
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