TAILIEUCHUNG - Live Migration of Virtual Machines

Before we describe the investigation process, we need to define the basic and fundamental concepts. There are few agreed upon definitions in the area of digital forensic research, so we will clearly state the definitions we are using, even the most basic ones. Digital data are data represented in a numerical form. With modern computers, it is common for the data to be internally represented in a binary encoding, but this is not a requirement. A digital object is a discrete collection of digital data, such as a file, a hard disk sector, a network packet, a memory page, or a process | Live Migration of Virtual Machines Christopher Clark Keir Fraser Steven Hand Jacob Gorm Hansen Eric Jult Christian Limpach Ian Pratt Andrew Warfield University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory f Department of Computer Science 15 JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge UK University of Copenhagen Denmark jacobg eric @ Abstract Migrating operating system instances across distinct physical hosts is a useful tool for administrators of data centers and clusters It allows a clean separation between hardware and software and facilitates fault management load balancing and low-level system maintenance. By carrying out the majority of migration while OSes continue to run we achieve impressive performance with minimal service downtimes we demonstrate the migration of entire OS instances on a commodity cluster recording service downtimes as low as 60ms. We show that that our performance is sufficient to make live migration a practical tool even for servers running interactive loads. In this paper we consider the design options for migrating OSes running services with liveness constraints focusing on data center and cluster environments. We introduce and analyze the concept of writable working set and present the design implementation and evaluation of high-performance OS migration built on top of the Xen VMM. 1 Introduction Operating system virtualization has attracted considerable interest in recent years particularly from the data center and cluster computing communities. It has previously been shown 1 that paravirtualization allows many OS instances to run concurrently on a single physical machine with high performance providing better use of physical resources and isolating individual OS instances. In this paper we explore a further benefit allowed by virtualization that of live OS migration. Migrating an entire OS and all of its applications as one unit allows us to avoid many of the difficulties faced by process-level migration approaches. In

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