TAILIEUCHUNG - The MESA aiR Pollution study strengthening the scientific foundation for air Quality Management

Like outdoor air , indoor air contains a complex mixture of pollutants (chemical substances, allergens and microbes) from different sources that changes with time. Findings on the health effects of single air pollutants cannot necessarily be extended to mixtures. Indeed, different chemicals may interact with each other and cause more (or less) harmful effects than the sum of the effects caused by each chemical separately. Very little is known about the combined effects of indoor air pollutants. Risk assessments which take into account the combined exposure and cumulative effects of the pollutants in indoor air are seldom possible. Nonetheless, the possibility of combined effects should be considered in. | ẪEPA ncer THE MESA AIR POLLUTION STUDY Strengthening the Scientific Foundation for Air Quality Management While it is widely known that factors such as cigarette smoking and high blood pressure are linked to cardiovascular disease studies indicate that long-term exposure to air pollution also is associated with premature death from this disease. IN 2004 THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY EPA awarded a grant to the University of Washington for the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis MESA Air Pollution Study an unprecedented investigation of the impact of air pollution on hardening of the arteries or atherosclerosis. This long-term study investigates key questions about the possible effects of fine particles in air pollution on the development of heart disease and mortality. THE MESA AIR POLLUTION STUDY Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Health missions from power plants traffic wood -----burning and other combustion processes form ------airborne particles and liquid droplets of chemicals. While inhaled particulate matter PM ranges in size from particles tens of micrometers in diameter PM10 to minute particles less than micrometer in diameter combustion sources generate fine particles less than micrometers in diameter just 1 30 the width of a human hair. Two landmark studies originally published in the 1990s with later followup reports indicated that these fine particles pose the greatest mortality risk from air In 1999 and 2006 EPA revised the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for particulate matter to address concentrations. Since 1999 EPA also has supported a national monitoring network managed by federal state and local governments. Although scientific evidence is accumulating that supports the link between PM exposure and premature mortality and adverse health events many questions about the health effects of PM remain unanswered. In 2001 the National Research Council highlighted a critical need for

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