TAILIEUCHUNG - The Atmosphere: How Humans Change the Atmosphere

The best available emissions inventory for Ciudad Juárez is the 1996 Sistema Nacional de Información de Fuentes Fijas (SNIFF) for the state of Chihuahua (Gobierno del Estado de Chihuahua 1998). Unfortunately, these data are problematic. Although plant-level data exist, only data aggregated to the level of the industry subsectors is publicly available. Also, questions have been raised about the reliability of the data. Nevertheless, there is a general consensus that the SNIFF provides a good “back of the envelope” indication of the relative importance of different types of emissions sources. The publicly available SNIFF data. | ESA21 Environmental Science Activities for the 21 st Century The Atmosphere Introduction How Humans Change the Atmosphere In addition to the natural changes that occur in the atmosphere many of the activities we humans engage in can change the atmosphere principally by altering the chemistry or gaseous composition of the atmosphere. Many human activities release trace amounts of gases or particulates that can result in a variety of impacts on human health and the environment. For example there are many technologies or devices burn wood coal or oil inside buildings such as woodstoves boilers furnaces ovens and heaters. When these devices are used they must be probably vented to the outside because the gases that result from combustion can have a serious impact on the ability of we humans to breathe. Carbon monoxide is one such gas that often results from combustion and it is becoming more common for carbon monoxide monitors or alarms to be installed within homes and buildings. Carbon monoxide or CO is a colorless odorless gas that results from incomplete combustion or burning of fuel. Normally the atmosphere contains a very small amount of carbon monoxide about 200 parts per billion ppb or .02 parts per million ppm . If the concentration of carbon monoxide in the air you breathe increases slightly to 9 parts per million you may begin to have difficulty breathing. A healthy person may be just barely affected by CO exposure of 9 ppm but older individuals and asthmatics whose lung function may be already compromised are likely to feel a greater level of effect. Carbon monoxide reduces the ability of the body s blood to absorb oxygen. It is also colorless and odorless making detection difficult. Inhaling low levels of carbon monoxide can result in fatigue and chest pain particularly in individuals with chronic heart disease. Increased exposure to CO can result in headaches dizziness sleepiness nausea vomiting and disorientation. At very high levels inhalation of carbon

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