TAILIEUCHUNG - GUIDE TO THE INTEGRATION OF HEALTH EDUCATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PROGRAMMES

Education and health spending in the G7 countries are generally not among the most efficient in the OECD (Figures 4–12). Japan is on the best-practice frontier for health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE), standardized death rates, and infant mortality. This means that among the OECD countries with health spending at or below Japan’s level, no country scored better on these health outcomes. Table 3 shows how G7 countries are placed in the ranking of efficiency scores in the sample of OECD countries. G7 countries generally rank in the bottom two quartiles of the rank distribution (particularly France, Germany, the ., and. | GUIDE TO THE INTEGRATION OF HEALTH EDUCATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PROGRAMMES K. A. PISHAROTI Director Gandhigram Institute for Rural Health and Family Planning Madurai District Tamil Nadu India WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION GENEVA 1975 CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION. . . 1 Objectives of the guide. 3 SECTION I. HEALTH EDUCATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PROGRAMMES . 5 1. The importance of health education . 5 What is health education . 5 Objectives of health education in environmental health . 5 Definition of terms. . 6 The influencing of behaviour . . 6 2. Integration of health education in environmental health . 9 The need for integration. 9 Attention at policy level . 9 Orientation of environmental health planners to health education . 9 Health education resources for environmental health planning . 9 Consumer representation in the planning process . 10 Framework for planning health education . 10 Gathering and analysis of baseline information . . 11 Setting education objectives . 14 Examples in setting objectives . 16 Educational approaches . 17 Target groups and educational approaches . . . . 23 Selection of educational methods based on the change process within the individual . 24 Settings for educating target groups . 26 Organizational considerations . . 27 Evaluation. 32 SECTION II. TRAINING AND SUPERVISION. 38 1. Training. 38 Need. 38 Objectives of training. 38 Categories involved . 38 Factors to be considered in planning. 39 Development of curricula for health education training . 40 Modifying the curriculum to trainee needs. 41 Learner consideration in teaching . 41 Teaching methods. . 42 Team work during training. 44 Special considerations in incorporating health education into the basic preparation of environmental health personnel . 44 Special considerations in relation to the organization of in-service training. 45 Evaluation of training programmes . . 45 Trainer preparation. 47 Audiovisual equipment and library books . . .

• Y học thường thức
• official opinion
• Medicine availability
• private sectors
• Photosynthesis
• Carotenoids and Photosynthesis
• Carotenoid Biosyntesis
• healthcare professionals
• patients is essential
• evidence based
• private sector
• extent and nature