TAILIEUCHUNG - 251 lects Vol II

Dictionaries and scholars have offered a variety of definitions. The Merriam-Webster dictionary offers a definition of the term: "the practical application of knowledge especially in a particular area" and "a capability given by the practical application of knowledge".[1] Ursula Franklin, in her 1989 "Real World of Technology" lecture, gave another definition of the concept; it is "practice, the way we do things around here".[7] The term is often used to imply a specific field of technology, or to refer to high technology or just consumer electronics, rather than technology as a whole.[8] Bernard Stiegler, in Technics and Time, 1, defines. | Lecture Notes CMSC 251 CMSC 251 Algorithms1 Spring 1998 Dave Mount Lecture 1 Course Introduction Tuesday Jan 27 1998 Read Course syllabus and Chapter 1 in CLR Cormen Leiserson and Rivest . What is algorithm design Our text defines an algorithm to be any well-defined computational procedure that takes some values as input and produces some values as output. Like a cooking recipe an algorithm provides a step-by-step method for solving a computational problem. A good understanding of algorithms is essential for a good understanding of the most basic element of computer science programming. Unlike a program an algorithm is a mathematical entity which is independent of a specific programming language machine or compiler. Thus in some sense algorithm design is all about the mathematical theory behind the design of good programs. Why study algorithm design There are many facets to good program design. Good algorithm design is one of them and an important one . To be really complete algorithm designer it is important to be aware of programming and machine issues as well. In any important programming project there are two major types of issues macro issues and micro issues. Macro issues involve elements such as how does one coordinate the efforts of many programmers working on a single piece of software and how does one establish that a complex programming system satisfies its various requirements. These macro issues are the primary subject of courses on software engineering. A great deal of the programming effort on most complex software systems consists of elements whose programming is fairly mundane input and output data conversion error checking report generation . However there is often a small critical portion of the software which may involve only tens to hundreds of lines of code but where the great majority of computational time is spent. Or as the old adage goes 80 of the execution time takes place in 20 of the code. The micro issues in programming involve how .

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