TAILIEUCHUNG - The MBA Center Grammar Review for the TOEFL - part 5

For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at Sentences without articles Sometimes, a noun does not need an article. If we are referring to a general idea, usually a noncount noun, no article is needed. School is difficult in the summer. A school should be clean. The school is far from here. (general, all schools) (general, yet one example of a general subject) (a specific school) Cats are either hated or loved. (general) The cats of Africa include lions and cheetahs. (specific) Do you like chocolate? Do you have the chocolate I like? (general) (specific) Nouns as modifiers. | For more material and information please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at Sentences without articles Sometimes a noun does not need an article. If we are referring to a general idea usually a noncount noun no article is needed. School is difficult in the summer. A school should be clean. The school is far from here. general all schools general yet one example of a general subject a specific school Cats are either hated or loved. general The cats of Africa include lions and cheetahs. specific Do you like chocolate general Do you have the chocolate I like specific Nouns as modifiers If a noun is used to modify or describe another noun it must always be singular. Careful there are exceptions to this rule that are tested. And be very careful of trying to find a rule that is always true this point will depend on the placement of the noun. Let s take a hyphenated noun as our example. This is a three-year-old child. or The child is three years old. The 1000-dollar contract was invalid. or The contract was worth only 1000 dollars. This is a two-bedroom house. or The house has two bedrooms. In the first sentence of each example the noun phrase three-year-old 1000-dollar and two-bedroom is modifying the actual noun. But in the second sentence the same noun phrases are objects in the sentence. Always look for the grammatical reason for the word. Is it a modifier singular. Is it a noun could be plural. Let s look at some exceptions. Almost all nouns ending in u-ics are plural but take a singular verb. Mathematics is a hard subject. My physics teacher is very good. There is nothing better for you than gymnastics. 21 For more material and information please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at ETS s favorites News mathematics economics politics etc. Numerical Modifiers Word order is a common testing point. Whenever you see a numerical question sigh with relief. They are very easy once you understand the forms. There are two different types of numerical .

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