TAILIEUCHUNG - Air Pollution Control Policy Options for Metro Manila

Vernon Benignus reported having received remuneration for employment and consultancy from a commercial entity or other organization with an interest re- lated to the subject of air pollution. He also reported having provided an expert opinion or testimony for a commercial entity or other organization as part of a regulatory, legislative or judicial process. He equally stated having held an office or other position, paid or unpaid, where he was expected to represent interests or defend a position related to the subject of air pollution. Juana M. Delgado Saborit and Frank Kelly reported them or their research unit having received support for. | Air Pollution Control Policy Options for Metro Manila Alan Krupnick Richard Morgenstern Carolyn Fischer Kevin Rolfe Jose Logarta and Bing Rufo December 2003 Discussion Paper 03-30 RESOU RCES FOR THE FUTURE Resources for the Future 1616 P Street NW Washington . 20036 Telephone 202-328-5000 Fax 202-939-3460 Internet http 2003 Resources for the Future. All rights reserved. No portion of this paper may be reproduced without permission of the authors. Discussion papers are research materials circulated by their authors for purposes of information and discussion. They have not necessarily undergone formal peer review or editorial treatment. Air Pollution Control Policy Options for Metro Manila Alan Krupnick Richard Morgenstern Carolyn Fischer Kevin Rolfe Jose Logarta and Bing Rufo Abstract The Asian Development Bank has sponsored research on market-based instruments for managing pollution in Metro Manila Philippines where air quality is seriously degraded. This report offers three policy options for reducing particulate emissions and their precursors. For stationary sources we recommend an emissions fee that creates efficient financial incentives to reduce emissions while raising revenues for monitoring and enforcement activities. For mobile sources we propose a pilot diesel retrofit program using a low-cost technology that is effective at existing 2 000 ppm sulfur content. Second we recommmend a charge on the sulfur content of diesel fuel to encourage meeting and surpassing the 500 ppm standard to allow for more advanced particulate trap technologies. Although better data are needed both for designing controls and for evaluating their efficacy much can be learned just by implementing these programs so we make recommendations for starting points. Key Words air pollution emissions tax Philippines particulates JEL Classification Numbers Q25 Q01 Contents 1. 2. Emissions 3. Stationary Rationale for .

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