TAILIEUCHUNG - Teratogenesis, Mutagenesis, and Carcinogenesis

Define teratogenesis, mutagenesis, and carcinogenesis. • Describe the relevance of replication, transcription, and translation to teratogenesis, mutagenesis, and carcinogenesis. • Summarize the mechanism of action for teratogenesis, mutagenesis, and carcinogenesis. • Discuss examples of known teratogens, mutagens, and carcinogens. | Principles of Environmental Toxicology Learning Objectives Teratogenesis Mutagenesis and Carcinogenesis Principles of Environmental Toxicology Instructor Gregory Möller . University of Idaho Define teratogenesis mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Describe the relevance of replication transcription and translation to teratogenesis mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Summarize the mechanism of action for teratogenesis mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Discuss examples of known teratogens mutagens and carcinogens. 2 Principles of Environmental Toxicology Molecules of Life Toxicants can react with or modify DNA or RNA. - Can lead to heritable change in offspring or changes in cellular growth and development. Replication perpetuate genetic information. Transcription and translation express genetic information. Principles of Environmental Toxicology The Cell replication transcription translation ribosomes Proteins cytoplasm ßHughes Principles of Environmental Toxicology Protein Functions Antibodies. - Recognize molecules of invading organisms. Receptors. - Part of the cell membrane recognize other proteins or chemicals and inform the cell. Enzymes - Assemble or digest. Neurotransmitters hormones - Trigger receptors. Channels and pores. 5 Rothamsted Principles of Environmental Toxicology Endpoints Teratogenesis. - Origin or production of malformed fetuses or offspring. Mutagenesis. - Production of a mutation or change in the genetic code of an organism. Carcinogenesis. - Cancer formation including carcinoma and malignant neoplasms. 6 Hughes 1 Principles of Environmental Toxicology DNA Replication Structure implies replication Occurs via multiple enzyme action Helix unravels strands part DNA replicates Mitosis meiosis Not always perfect - Repair enzymes Principles of Environmental Toxicology Replication Duplicates cell DNA. Mitosis - one somatic cell with 2n chromosomes divides to create two cells with 2n chromosomes humans n 23 . Number quality and quantity of chromosomes per

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