TAILIEUCHUNG - Lab 9.3.7 Workstation ARP

ARP is used as a tool for confirming that a computer is successfully resolving network Layer 3 addresses to Media Access Control (MAC) Layer 2 addresses. The TCP/IP network protocol relies on IP addresses like to identify individual devices and to assist in navigating data packets between networks. While the IP address is essential to move data from one LAN to another, it cannot deliver the data in the destination LAN by itself. Local network protocols, like Ethernet or Token Ring, use the MAC, or Layer 2, address to identify local devices and deliver all data. A computer MAC. | Cisco Svstems I Lab Workstation ARP Objective Introduce Address Resolution Protocol ARP and the arp -a workstation command. Explore the arp command help feature using the - option. Background Preparation ARP is used as a tool for confirming that a computer is successfully resolving network Layer 3 addresses to Media Access Control MAC Layer 2 addresses. The TCP IP network protocol relies on IP addresses like to identify individual devices and to assist in navigating data packets between networks. While the IP address is essential to move data from one LAN to another it cannot deliver the data in the destination LAN by itself. Local network protocols like Ethernet or Token Ring use the MAC or Layer 2 address to identify local devices and deliver all data. A computer MAC address has been seen in prior labs. This is an example of a MAC address 00-02-A5-9A-63-5C A MAC address is a 48-bit address displayed in Hexadecimal HEX format as six sets of two HEX characters separated by dashes. In this format each hex symbol represents 4 bits. With some devices the 12 hex characters may be displayed as three sets of four characters separated by periods or colons . ARP maintains a table in the computer of IP and MAC address combinations. In other words it keeps track of which MAC address is associated with an IP address. If ARP does not know the MAC address of a local device it issues a broadcast using the IP address. This broadcast searches for the MAC address that corresponds to the IP address. If the IP address is active on the LAN it will send a reply from which ARP will extract the MAC address. ARP will then add the address combination to the local ARP table of the requesting computer. MAC addresses and therefore ARP are only used within the LAN. When a computer prepares a packet for transmission it checks the destination IP address to see if it is part of the local network. It does this by checking to see if the network portion of the IP

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