TAILIEUCHUNG - OCA /OCP Oracle Database 11g A ll-in-One Exam Guide- P9

OCA /OCP Oracle Database 11g A ll-in-One Exam Guide- P9:There is an ever increasing demand for staff with IT industry certification. The benefits to employers are significant—they can be certain that staff have a certain level of competence—and the benefits to the individuals, in terms of demand for their services, are equally great. Many employers are now requiring technical staff to have certifications, and many IT purchasers will not buy from firms that do not have certified staff. | OCA OCP Oracle Database 11g All-in-One Exam Guide 36 All change vectors applied to data blocks are written out to the log buffer by the sessions making the changes and then to the online redo log files by the LGWR . There are a fixed number of online redo log files of a fixed size. Once they have been filled LGWR will overwrite them with more redo data. The time that must elapse before this happens is dependent on the size and number of the online redo log files and the amount of DML activity and therefore the amount of redo generated against the database. This means that the online redo log only stores change vectors for recent activity. In order to preserve a complete history of all changes applied to the data the online log files must be copied as they are filled and before they are reused. The ARCn process is responsible for doing this. Provided that these copies known as archive redo log files are available it will always be possible to recover from any damage to the database by restoring datafile backups and applying change vectors to them extracted from all the archive log files generated since the backups were made. Then the final recovery to bring the backup right up to date will come by using the most recent change vectors from the online redo log files. EXAM TIP LGWR writes the online log files ARCn reads them. In normal running no other processes touch them at all. Most production transactional databases will run in archive log mode meaning that ARCn is started automatically and that LGWR is not permitted to overwrite an online log file until ARCn has successfully archived it to an archive log file. TIP The progress of the ARCn processes and the state of the destination s to which they are writing must be monitored. If archiving fails the database will eventually hang. This monitoring can be done through the alert system. RECO the Recoverer Process A distributed transaction involves updates to two or more databases. Distributed transactions are designed

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