TAILIEUCHUNG - The grammar of the english verb phrase part 4

Our concern is to pro¬vide precise definitions of the basic linguistic terms that will be used and to explain the con¬ceptual apparatus that will be adopted both in this volume and in subsequent volumes dealing with the English verb phrase. | 14 1. Introduction If a sentence consists of two or more clauses all but the head clause may be introduced by a conjunction such as because and whether in the second example above. A conjunction forms part of the overall sentence but not of the clause which it introduces. A sentence is complex if it consists of a head clause also known as superordinate clause and at least one subclause also known as subordinate clause dependent clause or embedded clause . The head clause is the clause on which a given subclause is syntactically and semantically dependent. A head clause may be a clause that does not syntactically depend on any other clause but it may also be a subclause of another head clause. If it is a syntactically independent clause it can also be referred to as the matrix i. e. the highest clause in the inverted tree structure representing the syntactic structure of a sentence. Thus in I know that he was at home when the accident happened. the clause that he was at home is at the same time the head clause of when the accident happened and the subclause depending on the head clause I know which is the matrix clause of the entire complex A subclause is a clause that is a syntactic constituent of or depends on another clause and can therefore seldom be used on its own . Most subclauses have a function that is typically associated with a noun phrase an adjective phrase or an adverb phrase . We speak of nominal clauses or noun clauses adjectival clauses and adverbial clauses accordingly. The man who lives next door is looking at our house. adjectival clause I don t know if I can believe that because my sister denies it . nominal clause I ll help you if I have time. adverbial clause Subordinate clauses subclauses are normally introduced by such connectors as after although as as if as soon as because before if once provided that since that though unless when where in case that in order that etc. We call them subordinating conjunctions. Before a .

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