TAILIEUCHUNG - PIPELINE PIGGING TECHNOLOGY- P17

PIPELINE PIGGING TECHNOLOGY- P17: Why pig a pipeline? This paper introduces a number of reasons for doing so, together with a discussion of the advantages and alternatives. In general terms, however, pigging is not an operation to be undertaken lightly. There are often technical problems to be resolved and the operation requires careful control and co-ordination. | Pipeline Pigging Technology Some Available Pig Test Loops Country Owner Location Dia. Length Germany Rosen Eng. - Lingen 6 164m If 1 ft 16 - Holland Gasunie - Westerbork 12 rr 1 ft 24 n Smit-Iso - Rotterdam 4 270m rr 11 It 10 270m n n ir 20 400m Norway Reinertsen - Trondheim 6 - tl 1 11 20 - II Seanor - Loesmoen 12 80m UK British Gas - Low Thornley 12 335m it ft 11 24 335m 11 ft tt 36 335m u BHR - Cranfield 8 - If 11 11 16 - 11 ITAC - Ellesmere Port 6 170m it 11 11 12 170m ii 11 II 20 170m ft Pipetex - Burnley 12 661m USA GRI - Columbus OH. 12 700m 11 11 If 24 2080m 1 TDW - Tulsa OK. 12 269m . Some available pig test loops. 452 Pigging research Manufacturers of intelligent pigs have determined and specify the speeds at which their pigs must be run to obtain optimum performance. These range between about 1 to lOmph to 4m sec although many of the geometry pigs can perform at much higher velocities. Conventional pigs however must be run at the velocity at which the pipeline is operating. The speeds usually recommended for routine conventional on-stream pigging are 2 to lOmph 1 to 5m sec for liquid lines and 5 to 15mph 2 to 7m sec in gas lines these figures may differ if the pig is run during construction or commissioning. The two questions which immediately arise are firstly is it conceivable that optimum performance can be obtained at all speeds within such a wide range and secondly where did these figures come from - on what are they based Virtually all of the published research work carried out to date appears to be in connection with the use of spheres. Spheres have some obvious advantage from the researcher s point of view. They are perfectly symmetrical they have only one sealing surface and because they are inflated their diameter can be altered. This eliminates at least some of the variables. Some of the earliest work was carried out in 1959 by Barrett of the Shell Oil Co Indianapolis l to reduce interface mixing in its 14-in 250-mile

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