TAILIEUCHUNG - Designing with FPGAs and CPLDs- P4

Designing with FPGAs and CPLDs- P4: Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. In all instances where CMP Books is aware of a trademark claim, the product name appears in initial capital letters, in all capital letters, or in accordance with the vendor’s capitalization preference. Readers should contact the appropriate companies for more complete information on trademarks and trademark registrations. All trademarks and registered trademarks in this book are the property of their respective holders | 74 Chapter 5 Design Techniques Rules and Guidelines Objectives This chapter focuses on the potential problems that an engineer must recognize when designing an FPGA or CPLD and the design techniques that are used to avoid these problems. More specifically reading this chapter will help you Learn the fundamental concepts of hardware description languages. Appreciate the process of top-down design and how it is used to organize a design and speed up the development time. Comprehend how FPGA and CPLD architecture and internal structures affect your design. Understand the concept of synchronous design know how to spot asynchronous circuits and how to redesign an asynchronous circuit to be synchronous. Recognize what problems floating internal nodes can cause and learn how to avoid these problems. Understand the consequences of bus contention and techniques for avoiding it. Comprehend one-hot state encoding for optimally creating state machines in FPGAs. Design testability into a circuit from the beginning and understand various testability structures that are available. Hardware Description Languages Design teams can use a hardware description language to design at any level of abstraction from high level architectural models to low-level switch models. These levels from least amount of detail to most amount of detail are as follows Behavioral models Algorithmic Architectural Structural models Register Transfer Level RTL Gate level Switch level These levels refer to the types of models that are used to represent a circuit design. The top two levels use what are called behavioral models whereas the lower three levels use what are called structural models. Behavioral models con Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on to remove this watermark. Hardware Description Languages 75 sist of code that represents the behavior of the hardware without respect to its actual implementation. Behavioral models don t include timing numbers. Buses don t need to be broken .

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