TAILIEUCHUNG - Mạng lưới giao thông và đánh giá hiệu suất P14

Recent measurements of local-area and wide-area traf®c [14, 22, 28] have shown that network traf®c exhibits variability at a wide range of scales. Such scale-invariant variability is in strong contrast to traditional models of network traf®c, which show variability at short scales but are essentially smooth at large time scales; that is, they lack long-range dependence. Since self-similarity is believed to have a signi®cant impact on network performance [2, 15, 16], understanding the | Self-Similar Network Traffic and Performance Evaluation Edited by Kihong Park and Walter Willinger Copyright 2000 by John Wiley Sons Inc. Print ISBN 0-471-31974-0 Electronic ISBN 0-471-20644-X 14 THE PROTOCOL STACK AND ITS MODULATING EFFECT ON SELF-SIMILAR TRAFFIC Kihong Park Network Systems Lab Department of Computer Sciences Purdue University West Lafayette LN 47907 Gitae Kim and Mark E. Crovella Department of Computer Science Boston University Boston MA 02215 INTRODUCTION Recent measurements of local-area and wide-area traffic 14 22 28 have shown that network traffic exhibits variability at a wide range of scales. Such scale-invariant variability is in strong contrast to traditional models of network traffic which show variability at short scales but are essentially smooth at large time scales that is they lack long-range dependence. Since self-similarity is believed to have a significant impact on network performance 2 15 16 understanding the causes and effects of traffic self-similarity is an important problem. In this chapter we study a mechanism that induces self-similarity in network traffic. We show tiiat self-similar traffic can arise from a simple high-Icvcl property of the overall system the heavy-tailed distribution of file sizes being transferred over the network. We show that if the distribution of file sizes is heavy tailed meaning that the distribution behaves like a power law thus generating very large file transfers with nonnegligible probability then the superposition of many file transfers in a client server network environment induces self-similar traffic and this causal 349 350 THE PROTOCOL STACK AND ITS MODULATING EFFECT mechanism is robust with respect to changes in network resources bottleneck bandwidth and buffer capacity topology interference from cross-traffic with dissimilar traffic characteristics and changes in the distribution of file request interarrival times. Properties of the transport network layer in the protocol stack .

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