TAILIEUCHUNG - Web Programming with HTML, XHTML, and CSS- P2

Web Programming with HTML, XHTML, and CSS- P2: There are a lot of books about designing and building web pages, so thank you for picking up this one. Why do I think it is different? Well, the Web has been around for over a decade now, and during its life many technologies have been introduced to help you create web pages, some of which have lasted, others of which have disappeared. Many books that teach you to write web pages are revisions of earlier versions of the same book and therefore still take the same approach as the previous edition did | Chapter 1 Creating Structured Documents The align attribute has been replaced with the text-align property in CSS and the ability to float blocklevel elements as you will see in Chapter 7 . The align attribute is covered in more detail in Appendix I. Creating Paragraphs Using the p Element The p element offers another way to structure your text. Each paragraph of text should go in between an opening p and closing p tag as in this example p Here is a paragraph of text. p p Here is a second paragraph of text. p p Here is a third paragraph of text. p When a browser displays a paragraph it usually inserts a new line before the next paragraph and adds a little bit of extra vertical space as in Figure 1-8. Figure 1-8 The p element can carry all of the universal attributes and the deprecated align attribute align class id style title dir lang xml lang Creating Line Breaks Using the br Element Whenever you use the br element anything following it starts on the next line. The br element is an example of an empty element where you do not need opening and closing tags because there is nothing to go in between them. The br element has a space between the characters br and the forward slash. If you omit this space older browsers will have trouble rendering the line break whereas if you miss the forward slash character and just use br it is not valid XHTML. Most browsers allow you to use multiple br elements to push text down several lines and many designers use two line breaks between paragraphs of text rather than using the p element to structure text as follows Paragraph one br br Paragraph two br br Paragraph three br br 21 Chapter 1 Creating Structured Documents While this creates a similar effect to using the paragraph element if you do not use the p element itself for each paragraph then the document is no longer describing where each paragraph starts and finishes. Furthermore in Strict XHTML the br element can be used only within what are known as .

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