TAILIEUCHUNG - Movement protein: A gatekeeper for cell-to-cell transportation of plant viruses

Movement protein is a non-structural protein encoded by plant viruses to allow their movement from infected cell to neighbouring one. It defined as plant viruses- encoded factors that interact with plasmodesmata to mediate the intracellular spread of virus infection. viruses subvert an intracellular communication network that supports the trafficking of wide spectrum of endogenous protein and ribonucleo protein complexes that play non-cell autonomous roles in development and physiological processes. Plant viruses revealed that PD allow the cell-to-cell trafficking of virally encoded proteins, termed the movement proteins (MPs). This non-cell-autonomous protein (NCAP) pathway is similarly employed by the host to traffic macromolecules. Viral MPs bind RNA/DNA in a sequence nonspecific manner to form nucleoprotein complexes (NPC). Host proteins are then involved in the delivery of MPs and NPC to the PD orifice and help them to enter into neighbour cells. MP modify the plasmodesmata by one of two well-understood molecular mechanisms. The ER is linked to the desmotubular ER and thereby provides a direct pathway for the targeting of ERassociated VRCs to PD, mechanisms may play a role. The TGB2 and TGB3 proteins of PMTV associate with endocytic vesicles proposed to be involved in recycling TGB2 and TGB3 back to the ER once they have delivered the VRC to PD. The MP of many plant viruses form a transport tubule within the pore of the plasmodesmata that allows the transport of mature virus particles. A cell wallassociated protein that specifically binds the viral MP was purified from tobacco leaf cell walls and identified as pectin methylesterase (PME). | Movement protein A gatekeeper for cell-to-cell transportation of plant viruses

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