TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Biology (7th edition) - Chapter 14: Mendel and the Gene idea

If you have completed a first-year high school biology course, some of this chapter will serve as a review for the basic concepts of Mendelian genetics. For other students, this may be your first exposure to genetics. In either case, this is a chapter that should be carefully mastered. Spending some time with this chapter, especially working genetics problems, will give you a solid foundation for the extensive genetics unit in the chapters to come. | Lecture Biology (7th edition) - Chapter 14: Mendel and the Gene idea Chapter 14 Mendel and the Gene Idea PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings • Overview: Drawing from the Deck of Genes • What genetic principles account for the transmission of traits from parents to offspring? Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings • One possible explanation of heredity is a “blending” hypothesis – The idea that genetic material contributed by two parents mixes in a manner analogous to the way blue and yellow paints blend to make green Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings • An alternative to the blending model is the “particulate” hypothesis of inheritance: the gene idea – Parents pass on discrete heritable units, genes Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings • Gregor Mendel – Documented a particulate mechanism of inheritance through his experiments with garden peas Figure Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings • Concept : Mendel used the scientific approach to identify two laws of inheritance • Mendel discovered the basic principles of heredity – By breeding garden peas in carefully planned experiments Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Mendel’s Experimental, Quantitative Approach • Mendel chose to work with peas – Because they are available in many varieties – Because he could strictly control which plants mated with which Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings • Crossing pea plants 1 Removed stamens from purple flower APPLICATION By crossing (mating) two true-breeding varieties of an organism, scientists can study patterns .

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