TAILIEUCHUNG - The effect of cadmium on growth and antioxidant responses in the saffl ower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) callus
Saffl ower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) callus cultures grown in the presence of diff erent concentrations (0-100μM) of cadmium were assayed for growth, Cd accumulations and antioxidative responses. | S. NAMJOOYAN, R. KHAVARI-NEJAD, F. BERNARD, S. NAMDJOYAN, H. PIRI Research Article Turk J Agric For 36 (2012) 145-152 © TÜBİTAK doi: The effect of cadmium on growth and antioxidant responses in the safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) callus Shahram NAMJOOYAN1,*, Ramezanali KHAVARI-NEJAD1, Franceous BERNARD2, Shahrokh NAMDJOYAN3, Hamed PIRI4 1 Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran - IRAN 2 Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University ., Tehran - IRAN 3 Ministry of Agriculture, Land Affairs Organization, Tehran - IRAN 4 Department of Biology, Shahre Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahre Qods, Tehran - IRAN Received: Abstract: Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) callus cultures grown in the presence of different concentrations (0-100 μM) of cadmium were assayed for growth, Cd accumulations, and antioxidative responses. Cadmium inhibited the growth of calli by 25% and 46% at 75 and 100 μM Cd concentrations, respectively. Cadmium concentration in the calli increased with an increased Cd supply in the growth medium. Calli accumulated 334 mg Cd kg–1 of their dry weight at 100 μM Cd. Cadmium induced oxidative stress, which was indicated by modulating antioxidant (glutathione and α-tocopherol) levels and antioxidative enzymes. The effect of Cd on glutathione (GSH) was dose-dependent. The GSH content increased up to a concentration of 75 μM Cd and then decreased. Levels of α-tocopherol showed a significant increase with the increase in concentrations of Cd in the media. Antioxidant enzyme activity increased significantly up to a concentration of 75 μM Cd. Concentrations of Cd greater than 75 μM resulted in a decline in antioxidant enzyme activity. Increased antioxidant levels and antioxidant enzyme activity in Cd-treated calli indicate that Cd detoxification and accumulation in the safflower callus might be associated with the efficiency of these mechanisms. Key .
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