TAILIEUCHUNG - Chapter 7: ALKYNES

The IUPAC name of an alkyne is obtained by replacing the “ane” ending of the corresponding alkane with “yne”. In common nomenclature, alkynes are named as ‘substituted acetylenes’. Both ethyne & acetylene are acceptable names for C H | ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Dr Nam T. S. Phan Faculty of Chemical Engineering HCMC University of Technology Office: room 211, B2 Building Phone: 8647256 ext. 5681 Email: ptsnam@ Chapter 7: ALKYNES An sp hybridized carbon NOMENCLATURE OF ALKYNES The IUPAC name of an alkyne is obtained by replacing the “ane” ending of the corresponding alkane with “yne” In common nomenclature, alkynes are named as ‘substituted acetylenes’ Both ethyne & acetylene are acceptable names for C2H2 Lowest possible number, regardless of which functional group gets the lower number The same low number for both directions, lower number for C=C PREPARATION OF ALKYNES Sources of acetylene Alkynes by elimination reactions REACTIONS OF ALKYNES Acidic hydrogen Only for primary alkyl halides Additions of hydrogen halides (AE) Additions of halogens (AE) Additions of water – hydration reactions Markovnikov’s rule Terminal alkynes are less reactive than internal alkynes, need Hg2+ as a catalyst Additions of boran – hydroboration & oxidation Regioselectivity Markovnikov’s rule Anti-Markovnikov Additions of hydrogen – hydrogenation Product is alkane Product is alkene Ozonolysis of alkynes Ozonolysis used to be employed in structure determination, but has been superseded by spectroscopic methods Polymerizations

• Hoá học
• organic chemistry
• hóa hữu cơ
• công nghệ hóa học
• Chemical Engineering
• alkynes
• In this workbook
• experiments are elaborated using small scale glassware and equipments from a Small Lab Kit
• developed at the Department of Chemistry
• Faculty of Science
• Chulalongkorn University in Thailand
• This Small Lab Kit was created as a result of the research project entitled “Chemistry Laboratory Based on Chemical Safety and Pollution Minimization” sponsored by Thai Research Fund (RDG 3 07 2543)
• One of the outcomes of this project is the organic laboratory book entitled “Organic Chemistry Laboratory Based on Chemical Safety and Pollution Minimization” written in Thai by professors from 7 universities in this project
• They compiled
• adjusted and tested the experiments taken from several traditional organic chemistry laboratory books using the prototype of Small Lab Kit
• Currently
• some selected experiments from this Thai organic chemistry laboratory text have further been modified
• rewritten and edited in English as appeared in this workbook
• Some experiments ar
• Ebook Organic chemistry
• Nucleophilic substitution
• Determining organic structures
• nucleophilic addition
• Organic structures
• Electrophilic aromatic substitution
• Principles of organic chemistry
• Methods of organic chemistry
• The methane series
• The acetylene series
• Polybasic acids
• High school
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• Organic chemistry exam question
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• Functional groups
• Organic synthesis reagents
• The structure
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• Fundamentals of organic chemistry
• Carbonyl alpha substitution reactions
• Condensation reactions
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• The organic chemistry
• Organic chemistry principles in context
• Starch to the principles
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• Mass spectrometers
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• Strain and stability
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• Identification of organic compounds
• Elimination reactions
• Electrophilic addition reactions
• Electron delocalization
• Organic compounds
• Cyclic hydrocarbons
• Aromatic alcohols
• Aromatic compounds containing
• Inorganic chemistry
• A guidebook to mechanism in organic chemistry
• Aromatic systems
• Linear free energy relationships
• Symmetry controlled reactions
• Fatty acid catabolism
• The chemistry of the carbonyl group
• The industrial road toward increasing efficiency
• Lecture Organic chemistry
• Hóa học hữu cơ
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• Chemistry of benzene
• Derivatives of benzene
• Summary of Organic Chemistry Dotoral Thesis
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• Natural Products Chemistry
• Biological evaluation
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• Ideas in chemistry
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• Innovative processes in organic chemistry
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• Electronic Structure
• Electronic configurations of atoms
• Electronic configurations
• Wave properties of electrons
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• Stereochemistry of alkanes
• Alkane conformations
• Chemical reactions
• Chlorination of Methane
• Chiral carbons
• Nonmobile conformers
• Alkyl Halides