TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Biology (6e): Chapter 20 - Campbell, Reece

Chapter 20 - DNA technology and genomics. This chapter presents the following content: DNA technology makes it possible to clone genes for basic research and commercial applications, restriction enzymes are used to make recombinant DNA, genes can be clones in recombinant DNA vectors,. | CHAPTER 20 DNA TECHNOLOGY AND GENOMICS Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Section A: DNA Cloning 1. DNA technology makes it possible to clone genes for basic research and commercial applications: an overview 2. Restriction enzymes are used to make recombinant DNA 3. Genes can be clones in recombinant DNA vectors: a closer look 4. Cloned genes are stored in DNA libraries 5. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) closed DNA directly in vitro The mapping and sequencing of the human genome has been made possible by advances in DNA technology. Progress began with the development of techniques for making recombinant DNA, in which genes from two different sources - often different species - are combined in vitro into the same molecule. These methods form part of genetic engineering, the direct manipulation of genes for practical purposes. Applications include the introduction of a desired gene into the DNA of a host that will produce the desired protein. Introduction Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings DNA technology has launched a revolution in biotechnology, the manipulation of organisms or their components to make useful products. Practices that go back centuries, such as the use of microbes to make wine and cheese and the selective breeding of livestock, are examples of biotechnology. Biotechnology based on the manipulation of DNA in vitro differs from earlier practices by enabling scientists to modify specific genes and move them between organisms as distinct as bacteria, plants, and animals. DNA technology is now applied in areas ranging from agriculture to criminal law, but its most important achievements are in basic research. Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings To study a particular gene, scientists needed to develop methods to isolate only the small, well-defined, portion of a chromosome containing the gene. Techniques for gene cloning enable .

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