TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Human anatomy and physiology - Chapter 8: Joints (part a)

Chapter 8 part a provides knowledge of classification of joints, fibrous joints and cartilaginous joints. After studying this chapter you will be able to: Define joint or articulation, classify joints by structure and by function, describe the general structure of fibrous joints, name and give an example of each of the three common types of fibrous joints, describe the general structure of cartilaginous joints, name and give an example of each of the two common types of cartilaginous joints. | 8 Joints: Part A Joints (Articulations) Articulation—site where two or more bones meet Functions of joints: Give skeleton mobility Hold skeleton together Functional Classification of Joints Based on amount of movement allowed by the joint Three functional classifications: Synarthroses—immovable Amphiarthroses—slightly movable Diarthroses—freely movable Structural Classification of Joints Based on material binding bones together and whether or not a joint cavity is present Three structural classifications: Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial Fibrous Joints Bones joined by dense fibrous connective tissue No joint cavity Most are synarthrotic (immovable) Three types: Sutures Syndesmoses Gomphoses Fibrous Joints: Sutures Rigid, interlocking joints containing short connective tissue fibers Allow for growth during youth In middle age, sutures ossify and are called synostoses Figure Dense fibrous connective tissue Suture line (a) Suture Joint held together with very short, interconnecting fibers, and bone edges interlock. Found only in the skull. Fibrous Joints: Syndesmoses Bones connected by ligaments (bands of fibrous tissue) Movement varies from immovable to slightly movable Examples: Synarthrotic distal tibiofibular joint Diarthrotic interosseous connection between radius and ulna Figure Fibula Tibia Ligament (b) Syndesmosis Joint held together by a ligament. Fibrous tissue can vary in length, but is longer than in sutures. Fibrous Joints: Gomphoses Peg-in-socket joints of teeth in alveolar sockets Fibrous connection is the periodontal ligament Figure Root of tooth Socket of alveolar process Periodontal ligament (c) Gomphosis “Peg in socket” fibrous joint. Periodontal ligament holds tooth in socket. Cartilaginous Joints Bones united by cartilage No joint cavity Two types: Synchondroses Symphyses Cartilaginous Joints: Synchondroses A bar or plate of hyaline cartilage unites the bones All are synarthrotic Figure Epiphyseal plate (temporary hyaline .

• Y khoa - Dược
• Lecture Biology
• Human anatomy
• Human physiology
• The human body
• The organ systems of humans
• Classification of joints
• Campbell biology
• Lecture Campbell biology
• Biological sciences
• Systems biology
• Molecular biology
• Molecular biology of the gene
• Study of biology
• Exploring life
• Lecture AP Biology
• Biological organization
• Conservation biology
• Global change
• The biodiversity crisis
• Levels of biological organization
• Campbells Biology
• Restoration ecology
• the taxonomist
• biology dictionary
• biology
• English term biological
• biological materials
• biology textbooks
• biology lecture
• Human Biology
• Human organization
• Human body
• Scientific study of life
• Natural selection
• Electron arrangements
• Form molecules
• Chemical bonds
• Cell theory
• Microscope features
• Body systems
• Organization of body systems
• Integumentary system
• Digestive system
• Composition of blood
• Formed elements of blood
• Cardiovascular system
• Blood vessels
• Lymphatic system
• Immune system
• Respiratory system
• Human respiratory system