TAILIEUCHUNG - the perception of and adaptation to climate change in africa

Tham khảo sách 'the perception of and adaptation to climate change in africa', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Pubfic Disclosure Authorized Pubbc Disclosure Authorized WPS4308 Policy Research Working Paper 4308 The Perception of and Adaptation to Climate Change in Africa David Maddiion The World Bank Development Research Group Sustainable Rural and Urban Development Team August 2007 Policy Working Paplr 430H Abstract The objective of th is paper is IO determine rhe ability ul farmer in r detect clinule change and to ascertain how they have adapted to whatever climate change they believe has occurred rhe paper also asks faimets whether they perceive any barriers to adaptation and attempt to determine rhe characteristic of those farmers who. despite chiming to have witnessed climate change have not yet responded to It. The study 15 based on A Urge Scale survey of agriculturalists in 11 African countries. The Mirvey reveal that significant numbers of larrncrs believe that temperatures have already increased and that precipitation has declined. Those With the greatest experience of farming are more likely to notice climate change. Further neighboring farmers tell a consistent story. There are impotiJiir differences in he propensity ol farmer living in different location 0 adapt and fhere may be institutional impediments to adaptation HI some countries. Although large numbers of farmers perceive no barrier to adaptation those that do perceive them tend to cite heir poverty and inability to borrow Few if any farmers mentioned lack ol appropriate seed security ol tenure or market accessibility as problems. I hose farmers who perceive di mate change but fail to respond may require particular incentives or assistance to du what is ultimately in their uwn best mtcrcMx. Although experienced farmers arc more likely to perceive climate change it IS educated farmers who are more likely to respond by making at least one adaptation. This paper 4 ptixiuct of the Sustainable Rural and Urban Development Team. Development Research Group is parr of .1 larger effort in rhe .

• Cơ khí - Chế tạo máy
• Technologies
• Systems Engineering
• robotic
• mechanical
• anatomy
• Network security technologies
• Ebook Network security technologies
• Security in network design
• Basic confidentiality technologies
• Basic authentication technologies
• Basic message integrity technologies
• Solar assisted technologies for cooling and air conditioning
• Solar assisted technologies
• Solar assisted technologies currently
• Solar thermal and solar photovoltaic
• The installed solar assisted technologies currently
• Emerging technologies in surgery
• Emerging technologies
• Organizing surgical simulation centers
• Disruptive technologies
• Telecom Services
• Wireless Technologies
• Fiber—Optical Technologies
• IP Technologies
• Security and Surveillance
• Location Technologies
• Agilent Technologies 8648A B C D Signal Generator
• Service Guide Agilent Technologies 8648A B C D
• Operation Agilent Technologies 8648A B C D
• Motherboard Audio Path
• HF Power Level Accuracy
• LF Output Level
• Advanced learning technologies
• Performance technologies
• Performance management
• Open education
• Technology standardization
• Economic and psychological profile
• Redgram technologies
• Farm university technologies
• Application of technologies
• Market price
• Labour scarcity
• Mango growers
• Recommended technologies in mango
• Recommended technologies
• Adoption of recommended technologies
• Production of mango
• Production technology
• Search of technologies
• Identification of technologies
• Selection of technologies
• Technological innovation
• Higher education
• South Africa
• Learning technologies
• Agroclimatic zone IV
• Adoption of improved maize production technologies
• Improved maize production technologies
• Farmers of agro climatic zone IV
• Maize production technologies
• Lecture Java technologies
• Bài giảng công nghệ Java
• Công nghệ Java
• Content of lesson Java technologies
• Tools of Java technologies
• Advanced Automotive Technologies
• advanced vehicles
• technical potential and cost
• technology price estimates
• electric drivetain technologies
• nature of the technology
• The Grid
• Core Technologies
• detail OGSA
• SR 168 Portlets
• Home Systems
• Semantic Technologies
• Healthcare Technologies
• Home Gateway
• Place Framework
• Related Technologies
• Tumor Markers
• New Technologies
• potential measurements
• Magnetic resonance
• microwave imaging
• Energy Supply
• Energy Technologies
• Environmental Technologies
• Coal Mining
• Nuclear Power
• Regulatory Framework
• Access Techniques
• CDMA Technologies
• CDMA2000 1X
• 1X EV DO
• Access Technology
• UTRA Technologies
• Available Technologies
• Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions
• Pulp and Paper Manufacturing Industry
• New health technologies
• Managing access
• The past and potential future impact
• Access and value in pharmaceuticals
• New health technology
• Business intelligence
• Lecture Business intelligence
• Information integration
• Technologies enabling insights
• Business analytics
• Data mining
• Technologies enabling presentation
• Decision making
• Tactical decisions
• Strategic decisions
• Web technologies
• Web programming
• Web applications
• Computer programming
• Web development technologies
• Categories of web applications
• Characteristics of web applications
• Web project management
• Web application development process
• Requirement engineering
• Modeling web applications