TAILIEUCHUNG - Ebook Thyroid ultrasound and ultrasound guided FNA (2nd edition): Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Thyroid ultrasound and ultrasound guided FNA" presents the following contents: Ultrasound in themanagement of thyroid cancer, parathyroid ultrasonography, contrast enhanced ultrasound in the management of thyroid nodules, percutaneous ethanol injection (pei) - thyroid cysts and other neck lesions, laser and radiofrequency ablation procedures, | Chapter 8 Ultrasound in the Management of Thyroid Cancer H. Jack Baskin INTRODUCTION The strategic value of ultrasound in the postoperative surveillance of patients with thyroid cancer and in the preoperative surgical planning of patients undergoing thyroid cancer surgery has become increasingly appreciated over the past decade. In this chapter we will focus on how to recognize and differentiate malignant lymph nodes from benign lymphadenopathy. Once you become familiar with the appearance of metastatic lymph nodes in thyroid cancer you will find that ultrasound is a more specific tool for separating benign from malignant lymph nodes than it is for separating benign and malignant thyroid nodules. However we still must rely on ultrasound-guided FNA for a definitive diagnosis. POSTOPERATIVE SURVEILLANCE FOR THYROID CANCER Ultrasound has assumed a primary role in the management of patients who have been treated for thyroid cancer. In spite of better surgical techniques the acceptance of total and near-total thyroidectomy and the increasing use of radioiodine the mortality rate from well-differentiated thyroid cancer has changed very little over the past thirty years. Because of its propensity to occur at any age even in the very young and to recur many years later thyroid cancer must be monitored for the lifetime of the patient. Surveillance of these patients in a cost-effective manner has been a challenge. Until the 1990s the only diagnostic tool available was a 131I whole body scan WBS done after withdrawing the patient from thyroid hormone replacement. The sensitivity of a WBS in the early detection of residual recurrent or metastatic thyroid cancer is poor. This is apparent 111 112 . BASKIN from the many patients who have increased thyroglobulin Tg but negative diagnostic scans who are treated with 131I and have positive post-treatment scans 1-4 . Park et al. have also shown that the doses of 131I used for WBS can stun the uptake of iodine in metastatic lesions

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• Thyroid ultrasound
• Ultrasound guided FNA
• Ultrasound in themanagement of thyroid cancer
• Parathyroid ultrasonography
• The management of thyroid nodules
• Percutaneous ethanol injection
• History of thyroid ultrasound
• Thyroid ultrasound physics
• Doppler ultrasound
• Ultrasound of thyroid nodules
• BMC Cancer
• Thyroid nodules
• Growth kinetics
• Growth rates
• Tumor growth
• Thyroid carcinomas
• Thyroid adenomas
• Differentiated thyroid carcinomas
• Thyroid tumor
• Ultrasound elastography
• Thyroid cancer
• Semi quantitative
• Normal parenchyma
• Medical sciences
• The offspring ultrasound thyroid volume
• Hypothyroid mothers treated
• Thyroid sonography
• Treatment with levothyroxine
• Lymph nodes
• No LNM
• Central LNM
• Papillary thyroid cancer
• Interventional ultrasound
• Thoracic interventions
• Percutaneous renal biopsy
• Interventional urology
• Interventional thyroid ultrasound
• Musculoskeletal interventions
• Shear wave elastography
• Level VI lymph nodes
• Papillary thyroid carcinoma
• Gray scale ultrasound
• Intermediate risk
• Risk stratification
• Lymph node metastasis
• Differentiated thyroid carcinoma
• Radioactive 125Iseed
• Cervical metastatic lymph nodes