TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: "Efficient Inference Through Cascades of Weighted Tree Transducers"

Weighted tree transducers have been proposed as useful formal models for representing syntactic natural language processing applications, but there has been little description of inference algorithms for these automata beyond formal foundations. We give a detailed description of algorithms for application of cascades of weighted tree transducers to weighted tree acceptors, connecting formal theory with actual practice. | Efficient Inference Through Cascades of Weighted Tree Transducers Jonathan May and Kevin Knight Information Sciences Institute University of Southern California Marina del Rey CA 90292 jonmay knight @ Heiko Vogler Technische Universitat Dresden Institut fur Theoretische Informatik 01062 Dresden Germany Abstract Weighted tree transducers have been proposed as useful formal models for representing syntactic natural language processing applications but there has been little description of inference algorithms for these automata beyond formal foundations. We give a detailed description of algorithms for application of cascades of weighted tree transducers to weighted tree acceptors connecting formal theory with actual practice. Additionally we present novel on-the-fly variants of these algorithms and compare their performance on a syntax machine translation cascade based on Yamada and Knight 2001 . 1 Motivation Weighted finite-state transducers have found recent favor as models of natural language Mohri 1997 . In order to make actual use of systems built with these formalisms we must first calculate the set of possible weighted outputs allowed by the transducer given some input which we call forward application or the set of possible weighted inputs given some output which we call backward application. After application we can do some inference on this result such as determining its k highest weighted elements. We may also want to divide up our problems into manageable chunks each represented by a transducer. As noted by Woods 1980 it is easier for designers to write several small transducers where each performs a simple transformation rather than painstakingly construct a single complicated device. We would like to know then the result of transformation of input or output by a cascade of transducers one operating after the other. As we will see there are various strategies for approaching this problem. We will consider offline .

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